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EoSC Spring Semester > American History - Q2 > Flashcards

American History - Q2 Flashcards

1
Q

First two peoples banned from emigrating to U.S.

A

Chinese, followed by Japanese

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2
Q

Booker T. Washington

A

Founded the 1890 schools
Believed school segregation was here to stay and worked to improve education from within the system
Founded Tuskegee school

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3
Q

1890 Schools

A

A series of segregated universities founded by Booker T. Washington

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4
Q

W.E.B. DuBois

A

Founded NAACP to advocate for desegregation of schools

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5
Q

Yellow Journalism

A

Journalism of the late 1800s and Early 1900s, named for the yellow color of the newspapers

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6
Q

William Randolph Hearst

A

News Mogul
Founded the Hearst Company (now known for reality TV)
Primarily Motivated by Money

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7
Q

Joseph Pulitzer

A

News Mogul

Primarily motivated by influencing the public

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8
Q

Labor Union

A

An organization that advocates for workers

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9
Q

Knights of Labor

A

Early Labor union that advocated for shorter work days (10 hrs.), a day off, and higher pay

Considered illegal by government, especially after a bomb exploded at one of their protests

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10
Q

Anarchism

A

Belief that a single violent act can change policy
Opposition to hierarchical government

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11
Q

Haymaker Riot

A

A Knights of Labor protest in which a bomb exploded, killing 7 police officers and several bystanders

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12
Q

Samuel Gompers

A

Cigar maker, founded AFL (American Federation of Labor)

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13
Q

Sit-Down Strike

A

A strike in which workers would refuse to work for 1-2 hours per day

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14
Q

William McKinley

A

25 President, Republican
Supported by big business

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15
Q

Populism

A

Support of laborers and farmers over corporations

Belief that laborers/rural folk will solve America’s problems

Bottom-up government

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16
Q

Influence of Sea Powers

A

Book by Alfred Mahan, advocated for reform of navy

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17
Q

Lillie Kawanie

A

Last queen of Hawaii

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18
Q

USS Maine

A

U.S. navy vessel sent to Cuba during rebellion to protect American interests

exploded in Cuba harbor, unknown if accident or sabotage

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19
Q

America’s excuse to begin Spanish-American war

A

Explosion of the USS Maine

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20
Q

America’s main gambling tourist destination prior to 1959

A

Cuba

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21
Q

Reason Theodore Roosevelt was disliked by other republicans

A

He sought sweeping reforms

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22
Q

Rough Riders

A

Military unit formed by Theodore Roosevelt as start of Spanish-American War

Eventually became 45th infantry division

Fought primarily in Cuba

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23
Q

Manilla

A

Primary city of Spanish-occupied Philippines

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24
Q

Reason Spain’s navy lost to the U.S. navy in Philippines

A

Wooden ships Vs. Iron ships
Didn’t know Americans were coming

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25
Q

City outside of which definitive battle of Spanish-American war was fought

Americans (specifically Rough Riders) won despite being outnunmbered 3:1

A

Santiago

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26
Q

Four Communities America annexed following Spanish-American war

A

Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, American Samoa

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27
Q

Walter Reid

A

Doctor during the Spanish-American war

Cured Malaria by draining swamps

Largest U.S. hospital outside of D.C. named after him

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28
Q

Teller Ammendment

A

Gave Cuba independence after insurrection

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29
Q

Length of Filipino Insurrection

A

1901-1904

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30
Q

Win hearts and minds

A

Taft’s plan to ingratiate rebelling territories to U.S. by building infrastructure

Largely successful

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31
Q

2 Reasons American public grew increasingly anti-imperialistic during Filipino insurrection

A

High cost
Soldiers bringing STDs to U.S. from Filipino brothels

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32
Q

Boxer Rebellion

A

Terrorist attacks by native Chinese, usually young marital artists, against Westerners and Christians in China

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33
Q

Legation

A

A segregated, walled-off portion of a city in China were Westerners were required to live

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34
Q

President Roosevelt served as vice president under

A

William McKinley

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35
Q

City William McKinley was assassinated in

A

Buffalo, NY

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36
Q

16th Amendment

A

National income tax

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37
Q

Progressivism

A

Belief that science/academia can solve the world’s problems via government

Top-down form of government

38
Q

President who began increase of federal government’s power

A

Theodore Roosevelt

39
Q

Book that prompted reform of food regulation

A

The Jungle by Upton Sinclair

40
Q

The 2 Food regulatory agencies created by Theodore Roosevelt

A

FDA and USDA

41
Q

Agency founded by Theodore Roosevelt to regulate college athletics

A

NCAA

42
Q

Territory whose statehood Roosevelt delayed due to concerns of Democrat-leaning populace

A

Indian Territory (now Oklahoma)

43
Q

The 3 voting reforms introduced by Roosevelt (I.R.R.)

A
  • Initiative: any voter citizen can introduce a potential law via petition
  • Referendum: Citizens can vote on individual laws (usually tax laws)
  • Recall: Any citizen can introduce a motion to remove an elected official via petition
44
Q

Square Deal

A

Term introduced by Theodore Roosevelt, referencing the square plates common at the time

Fair deal

45
Q

First President who supported laborers over corporations

A

Theodore Roosevelt

46
Q

17th Ammendment

A

Senators were now determined by popular vote rather than government appointment

47
Q

Theodore Roosevelt believed in what problematic theory?

A

Eugenics

48
Q

What war is now considered the first race war of the 20th century?

A

The Russo-Japanese war

49
Q

Eugenics

A

Belief that your DNA/physical characteristics determined your future success in life and that humanity’s problems must be “bred out”

50
Q

When did the U.S. end forced sterilization of criminals and the mentally ill and why?

A

Great depression, due to lack of funds

51
Q

William Howard Taft

A

President, R, following Theodore Roosevelt
Roosevelt’s handpicked successor

52
Q

Why did Theodore Roosevelt have a falling out with Taft?

A
  • Taft did not pursue progressive agendas as aggressively as Roosevelt wanted
  • Taft allowed for oil drilling on land Roosevelt had deemed protective
53
Q

Bull Moose Party

A

Progressive political party founded by Theodore Roosevelt when running against Taft

54
Q

Woodrow Wilson

A

President, D, following Taft
Won due to Roosevelt and Taft splitting Republican vote
Very Pro-capitalist, pro-education, and pro-Christianity

55
Q

Who was the only U.S. president to serve as chief justice on the supreme court?

A

William Howard Taft

56
Q

New Freedom Policy

A

Woodrow Wilson’s Political agenda to spread democracy, capitalism, and Christianity to other nations
(future adopters dropped the Christianity aspect)

57
Q

Which President hated European colonization of Africa and wanted Africa to be self-governed?

A

Woodrow Wilson

58
Q

Self-Determination

A

The belief that a people should have the right to govern themselves, rather than be ruled by an outside power

59
Q

Marine-corps Progressivism

A

American policy of spreading democracy and capitalism to other nations via deployment of U.S. military

60
Q

Pancho Villa

A

Leader of Mexican Revolution
Attacked Columbus, NM and killed several Americans, prompting U.S. to send military into Mexico to apprehend him

61
Q

What two technologies were first used by the U.S. while searching for Pancho Villa?

What American policy was first used in the same incident?

A

Armored vehicles
Airplanes

Marine-corps progressiveism

62
Q

Why were most of Europe’s monarchs related?

A

Queen Victoria of England had many children whom married into various royal families

63
Q

What countries formed the Central Powers?

What countries formed the Allies?

A

Germany, Austria-Hungray, Ottoman Empire (now Turkiye)

Britain, France, Russia

64
Q

What year did WWI begin, and what year did the U.S. enter WWI?

A

Began in 1914
U.S. entered the war in 1917

65
Q

Which country built the Suez Canal began the Panama Canal (but didn’t finish it)?

A

France

66
Q

Why did many poor and working-class Americans originally support the Central Powers in WWI?

A

They were German immigrants or descended from German immigrants

67
Q

Imperialism

A

Countries (primarily European) established colonies in Africa and Asia to exploit the people and natural resources

68
Q

What is the approximate death toll of WWI?

A

100 million

69
Q

Balkans

A

Southeast Europe, (Bosnia & Herzegovina, Serbia, Czechia, etc.)

70
Q

By what political group were Franz Ferdinand and his wife assassinated

A

Serbian Nationalists

71
Q

Dollar Brides

A

Wealthy American women that married English nobility to gain access to titles

72
Q

Why did many Americans (especially the rich) initially support the Allies in WWI?

A

America used to be a British Colony
Many wealthy American families had ties to British nobility via dollar brides

73
Q

What caused the U.S. to go from being the largest debtor nation the the largest creditor nation during WWI?

A

American sold food, ammunition, etc. to both sides of the war

74
Q

What incident caused American sentiment to turn against Germany during WWI?

A

German U-boats sunk the U.S. passenger liner Lusitania, killing approx. 1200 people (incl. 128 Americans)

75
Q

What caused Russia to drop out of WWI?

A

The first Russian Revolution

76
Q

Second Russian Revolution

A

Occurred in November of the same year as the first revolution

Communist take over of Russia and murder of royal family

77
Q

Zimmermann Note

A

Telegraph from Germany to Mexico asking Mexico to invade U.S., intercepted by U.K.

Reason U.S. entered WWI

78
Q

Joseph Oklahombi

A

Choctaw code talker who fought in WWI

Single-handedly captured 170 German soldiers and a machine gun nest

79
Q

Harlem Hellfighters

A

Segregated black unit that U.S. gave to France in WWI

Instrumental in stopping German army from reaching Paris

80
Q

Which president wanted U.S. to join League of Nations?

A

Woodrow Wilson

81
Q

What caused Woodrow Wilson to no longer be able to push his agenda during the presidence

A

He had a stroke

82
Q

Idealistic Foreign Policy

A

The idea that America should cooperate with other nations

83
Q

Realistic Foreign Policy

A

The idea that America should act independently of other nations

84
Q

Fort Riley, KS

A

The origin of the Spanish Flu Outbreak in the U.S.

85
Q

Ida Wells

A

Political activist known for support of suffrage and opposition to segregation and Jim Crow

86
Q

19th Ammendment

A

Gave women the right to vote in federal elections (but not state)

87
Q

Iron Jawed Angels

A

Suffrage group that protested outside white house

Got arrested for illegally voting and went on hunger strikes

88
Q

Dr. Willa Strong

A

Advocated for equal rights in McAlester

89
Q

Why do women wear white at State of the Union Address?

A

Support for women’s voting rights

90
Q

A. Mitchell Palmer

A

Attorney general who led the Palmer raids

91
Q

Palmer Raids

A

A series of raids conducted in 1910s and 1920s to capture and deport communists (also anarchists and socialists)

92
Q

Approx. how many American were killed by the Spanish Flu epidemic?

A

700,000

EoSC Spring Semester (13 decks)

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