Aldehydes and ketones Flashcards
What are aldehydes and ketones both?
Carbonyl compounds
What functional group do aldehydes and ketones have?
C=O
What is the difference between aldehydes and ketones?
Their functional group is in a different place
What is the suffix of an aldehyde?
-al
What is the suffix of a ketone?
-one
How do you distinguish between aldehydes and ketones using Tollens’ reagent?
Tollens will form a silver mirror with aldehydes and not ketones
Why can you distinguish between aldehydes and ketones?
aldehydes can be oxidised to carboxylic acids
ketones cant be oxidised
How do you distinguish between aldehydes and ketones using Fehling’s reagent?
Blue solution will form a red precipitate with aldehydes and not with ketones
What can you reduce an aldehyde to?
Primary alcohol
What can you reduce a ketone to?
Secondary alcohol
What do you use to reduce aldehydes and ketones?
Reducing agent; NaBH4
What mechanism is used to reduce aldehydes and ketones?
Nucleophillic addition
Draw the nucleophillic addition mechanism?
-
Why does the carbon in the C=O bond attract H- ion from the reducing agent?
It is polar so it is partially positive
