Acyl chlorides Flashcards
What functional group do acyl chlorides have?
COCl
What does the name of acyl chlorides end in
-oyl chloride
When an acyl chloride reacts with water what is formed?
A carboxylic acid and HCl
When an acyl chloride reacts with an alcohol, what is formed?
An ester and HCl
When an acyl chloride reacts with ammonia, what is formed?
An amine and HCl
When an acyl chloride reacts with a primary amine what is formed?
An N-substituted amide and HCl
What type of reaction involves acyl chlorides?
Nucleophilic addition-elimination
What is the first stage in the nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction?
The nucleophilic attacks the carbon on the acyl chloride
What is the second stage of the nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction?
A pair of electrons is transferred from the C=O bond onto the oxygen
What is the third stage of the nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction?
The pair of electrons on the oxygen reform the double bond and the chlorine is kicked off
What is the fourth stage of the nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction?
This leaves a positively charged ion and a negatively charged chloride ion
What is the fifth stage of the nucleophilic-addition elimination reaction?
A pair of electrons is transferred onto the nucleophile from the bond
What are the products of the acyl chloride elimination-addition reaction?
Acyl chloride derivative and a hydrogen ion
