Adrenocortical Tumours Flashcards
1
Q
Different types of adrenocortical tumours?
A
Adrenocortical adenoma
Adrenocortical carcinoma
2
Q
Definite malignancy criteria between adenoma and carcinoma?
A
Metastasis
3
Q
Who gets adrenocortical tumours?
A
- Male = female
- Mainly adults
4
Q
How do adrenocortical tumours present?
A
- Incidental finding through radiology/autopsy
- Hormonal effects
- Mass lesion
- Carcinomas with necrosis can cause fever
5
Q
Description of adrenocortical adenoma?
A
- Well-circumscribed encapsulated lesions
- Usually small (2-3cm)
- Yellow/yellow-brown cut surface
- Well-differentiated, small nuclei, rare mitoses
- Can be functional but more likely not
6
Q
What type of cells make up adrenocortical adenoma?
A
Cells resembling adrenocortical cells
7
Q
Which adrenocortical tumour is more common?
A
Adrenocortical adenoma
carcinoma is rare
8
Q
Spread of adrenocortical carcinoma?
A
Local invasion: retroperitoneum, kidney | Metastasis: usually vascular (liver, lung, bone) | Peritoneum and pleura | Regional lymph nodes
9
Q
Survival rates for adrenocortical carcinoma?
A
50% dead in 2 years
20-35% 5 year survival
10
Q
Signs that an adrenocortical tumour is carcinoma?
A
- Large size (>50g, often >20cm)
- Haemorrhage and necrosis
- Frequent mitosis, atypical mitosis
- Lack of clear cells
- Capsular or vascular invasion
