Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics Board Exam > Adolescent Medicine > Flashcards

Adolescent Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Delayed puberty in girls? Boys?

A

Girls = after 13 yo, Boys = after 14 yo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Peak height velocity during puberty

A

9-10 cm/year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pre-pubertal height velocity

A

5-6 cm/year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When does the growth spurt in females occur?

A

Begins with breast development and ends around menarche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When does the growth spurt in males occur?

A

Begins with testicular enlargement, around SMR4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sequence of male pubertal development?

A

Testicular growth, pubic hair, increased penile length, then growth spurt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pubertal dvmt in males < what age is considered premature?

A

9 yo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Male with pubic hair and penis enlargement, without testicular enlargement, what does this signify?

A

That androgen stimulation is coming from outside the gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sequence of female pubertal development?

A

Breast bud, pubarche, growth spurt, then menarche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Premature puberty occurs in girls less than what age?

A

7 yo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If thelarche does not occur by age ?, then a workup is indicated.

A

13 yo (8 is great, 13 is too late)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If thelarche occurs without pubarche, what to consider?

A

Androgen insensitivity, testicular feminization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

After menarche, girls are within ?cm/?in of adult height?

A

4cm/ 2 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Menarche occurs during which SMR stages?

A

SMR 3 and 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the rule of 24 for growth velocity?

A

1st year = growth is 24cm/yr 2nd year= growth is 12cm/yr 3rd year= growth is 8cm/yr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pubertal delay and anosmia

A

Kallman’s Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Absolute contraindications to OCP?

A

Pregnancy, Liver disease, CAD, elevated lipids, breast cancer, or cerebrovascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Primary amenorrhea = lack of menses by what age

A

16 yo, or 2 years following sexual development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

PCOS LH:FSH ratio?

A

>2.5, also elevated androgen levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Ideal body weight for males? Females?

A

Males= 50kg + 2.3kg (each inch over 5 feet) Females= 45.5kg + 2.3kg (each inch over 5 feet)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What 2 electrolyte abnormalities result from laxative abuse?

A

Hyperuricemia, hypocalcemia

22
Q

Malodorous fishy vaginal discharge. Dx? Tx?

A

Bacterial vaginosis. Dx with clue cells.

23
Q

Dyspareunia, burning/itching, bright red cervix, frothy yellow discharge. Dx and Tx?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis. Dx flagellated organisms on wet mount. Tx flagyl (tx partners too)

24
Q

Outpatient tx of PID

A

Ceftriaxone + Doxycycline

25
Q

Ovarian cyst size that requires lap cyst aspiration?

A

>6cm or significant sx

26
Q

2/3 of tenosynovitis or arthritis in adolescents is secondary to what organism?

A

Gonorrhea

27
Q

Most common cause reactive arthritis

A

Chlamydia

28
Q

Vaginal discharge with pH >5

A

Bacterial vaginosis

29
Q

Male with painless ulcer on penis. Tx?

A

Syphilis chancre. Tx azithromycin

30
Q

Confirmatory test for syphilis?

A

FTA-ABS

31
Q

Female with flat-topped, smooth, raised bumps that may coalesce. Dx?

A

Syphilis condyloma lata. Dx with VDRL

32
Q

Indications for immediate colposcopy

A

High grade lesion, 3 paps with ASCUS or LSIL, immunocompromised with LSIL

33
Q

If a patient has premature adrenarche (pubic hair), what is the most appropriate test? And how to interpret?

A

Bone age; If < 1 yr advanced, can observe. If >1 yr advanced, check ACTH stim test and testosterone

34
Q

Normal male phenotype, possible cryptorchidism, and finding on US are uterus or upper vagina or fallopian tubes

A

Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome

35
Q

Girl with primary amenorrhea, no uterus or ovaries, normal looking vagina, testes palpated in canal. XY on karyotype. +Breat development

A

Testicular feminization/Androgen Insensitivity (X-linked); Breasts develop from excess estrogen converted from Testosterone

36
Q

Child with fatigue, weight loss, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, darkened skin. First test?

A

ACTH (cosyntropin) stimulation test. If cortisol does not increase, it’s primary adrenal insufficiency (addisons). If cortisol increases, likely secondary adrenal insufficiency (pituitary)

37
Q

Once girls have reached menarche, how close are they to adult height?

A

1-2 inches

38
Q

How to get cm from inches

A

Multiply by 2.5

39
Q

Chubby boy with sharp decline in height percentile, significant delay in bone age, decreased muscle mass, hypoglycemia. How to dx?

A

Growth hormone deficiency; dx with low IGF-1, low IGF-BP3

40
Q

Child with occasional loose stools, abdominal discomfort, growth delay and elevated ESR

A

Crohns disease

41
Q

15 yo boy with low SMR, short for age, normal growth velocity, father with similar issue which he received shots for. Dx?

A

Constitutional growth delay

42
Q

Child with short stature for age, normal growth velocity and bone age equal to chronological age. Parents short

A

Familial short stature

43
Q

Short female with scant breast tissue, webbed neck. Tx?

A

Turner Syndrome. Tx short stature with growth hormone

44
Q

Lab studies to order in a girl with Turner Syndrome

A

LH/FSH would be elevated 2/2 to ovarian failure; TSH and free T4 because higher risk of hypothyroidism

45
Q

11 yo child with height of 9 year old, bone age of a 7 year old, overweight

A

Hypothyroidism

46
Q

Child tall for age. Most important predictor of ultimate adult height?

A

SMR rating; Bone age can help determine how much growth is left

47
Q

Girl with primary amenorrhea and virilization at puberty, no uterus or ovaries, normal looking vagina, testes palpated in canal. XY on karyotype.

A

5-alpha reductase deficiency

48
Q

Painless herpetiform-like ulcerative lesion that often goes unrecognized until discovered during physical examination in a patient complaining of tender inguinal lymphadenopathy, what is the etiology?

A

Lymphogranuloma venereum caused by Chlamydia

49
Q

Sexually active male with painless, erythematous, rounded ulcer with slightly raised, clean edges and a clean base on shaft of penis, and tender inguinal lymphadenopathy. Dx? Tx?

A

Syphilis. Tx IM Benzathine PCN G 2.4 million units 1 dose

50
Q

What is normal vaginal pH?

A

<4 to 4.5

51
Q

Congenital mullerian agenesis/aplasia. How does it present?

A

Usually a teenage girl with primary amenorrhea. Has normal ovaries and secondary sex characteristics, but vaginal agenesis, variable fallopian tube and uterine development.

52
Q

What 2 antibiotics decrease effectiveness of OCPs?

A

Griseofulvin and Rifampin

Pediatrics Board Exam (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions