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HOSA: Human G&D > Adolescence > Flashcards

Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

describe puberty

A

2 years of rapid growth between 11-14 yrs marked by development of secondary sex traits

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2
Q

when does puberty end

A

first menarche/sperm production

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3
Q

what are major changes of puberty

A
  • rapid physical growth
  • changes in body proportions
  • development of primary & secondary sex traits
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4
Q

list adolescent frustrations

A
  • wish for independence
  • appearance concerns
  • seek peer acceptance while bothered by same peers
  • struggle w/increased school work & responsibility
  • fluctuate adult behavior & child impulses
  • maintaining demanding schedule while needing more rest
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5
Q

define ADOLESCENCE

A

transitional period beginning w/sexual maturity & ends w/cessation of growth & movement toward emotional maturity

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6
Q

major characteristics of adolescence

A
  • introspection
  • experimentation & learning
  • testing of values & beliefs
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7
Q

how much height and weight gain do boys go through during puberty

A

4-12”; 15-65 lbs

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8
Q

how much height & weight gain do girls go through during puberty

A

2-8”; 15-55 lbs

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9
Q

what body part grows first during puberty

A

feet

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10
Q

define ADENOHYPOPHYSIS

A

anterior lobe of pituitary that secretes hormones for gonads

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11
Q

what do boys 11-12 yrs go through during puberty

A
  • growth of testes, scrotum, & penis
  • pubic hair
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12
Q

what do boys 12-13 yrs go through during puberty

A

rapid growth spurt

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13
Q

what do boys 13-15 yrs go through during puberty

A
  • underarm, body, & facial hair
  • growth spurt
  • ejaculation
  • deepening of voice
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14
Q

what do girls 10-11 yrs go through during puberty

A
  • rapid growth spurt
  • breast development
  • pubic hair
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15
Q

what do girls 11-14 yr go through during puberty

A

1st menarche & growth spurt

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16
Q

what do girls 12-13 yrs go through during puberty

A

underarm hair

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17
Q

why do girls’ hips widen & round during puberty

A

redistribution of fat

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18
Q

when do growth for girls stop?

A

16-17 yrs

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19
Q

when do growth for boys stop?

A

18-20 yrs

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20
Q

when do teenagers get 2nd molars

A

13 yrs

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21
Q

when people receive their wisdom teeth

A

14-25 yrs

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22
Q

list healthy vital signs of adolescents

A
  • 60-90 bpm
  • 120/80 mmHg
  • 16-24 respiration
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23
Q

how do other bodily systems change during adolescence

A
  • lung weight & volume increases
  • stomach & intestines increase in size & capacity
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24
Q

male teenage bodily concerns

A
  • penis size
  • embarrassing/morning erections
  • wet dreams
  • voice changes
  • sweating & acne
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25
Q

female teenage bodily concerns

A
  • breasts not symmetrical
  • menstruation & menstrual discomfort
  • pregnancy
  • hygiene
  • sweating & acne
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26
Q

define BACTERIAL STIs

A

caused by bacteria & can be cured w/early detection & treatment

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27
Q

define VIRAL STIs

A

caused by virus & incurable

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28
Q

describe CHLAMYDIA

A

bacterial STI that can either by asymptomatic or not & spread to other pelvic organs; can lead to PID causing infertility

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29
Q

s/s: chlamydia

A
  • yellowish vaginal discharge
  • painful/difficult urination
  • spotting between menses/after sex
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30
Q

s/s: trichomoniasis

A
  • thin, frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge
  • vaginal itching
  • tenderness & redness
  • painful urination & sex
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31
Q

what causes trichomoniasis

A

parasite

32
Q

what causes herpes genitalis

A

virus

33
Q

s/s: herpes genitalis

A
  • genital warts
  • pain & itching
  • swollen glands
  • vaginal discharge
34
Q

describe gonorrhea

A

bacterial STI that can be asymptomatic or not

35
Q

s/s: gonorrhea

A
  • purulent yellow-green vaginal discharge
  • painful urination/sex
36
Q

describe syphilies + s/s

A

bacterial STI that can lead to serious mental disorders & death; characterized by ulcers on genitals, lips, & anus

37
Q

describe HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)

A

virus that causes AIDS & spread via bodily fluids

38
Q

s/s: HIV

A
  • lethargy
  • flu-like symptoms
  • weight loss
  • skin lesions
  • fungal infections
39
Q

describe HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)

A

viral STI that is generally asymptomatic or characterized w/warts; can cause cancer of penis, cervix, anus, & throat

40
Q

what is the mortality rate for teen pregnancy & why

A

x2 mortality; mom & baby competing for nutrients

41
Q

describe the emotional/social characteristics of 13-14 yr olds

A
  • negative & hostile
  • self centric leading to intolerance
  • compromise is difficult
  • experimentation
  • humor based on negativity
42
Q

describe the emotional/social characteristics of 15-16 yr olds

A
  • less self absorbed than 13-14 yrs & better @ compromising
  • more tolerant of other perspectives
  • experiment & test boundaries
  • develop specific skill sets
  • curious & independent
  • date
43
Q

describe the emotional/social characteristics of 17-19 yr olds

A
  • idealistic
  • increase stress leading to outbursts & discord
  • influenced by social groups
  • focus on economic independence
  • form close relationships w/grandparents
44
Q

define PERSONAL FABLE

A

thinking pattern related to cognitive function where person distorts & inflates opinion of themselves & their importance leading to belief of invicibility

45
Q

define IMAGINARY AUDIENCE

A

belief everyone is watching

46
Q

what are highlights of moral & cognitive development in adolescents

A
  • question everything
  • develop sense of duty & fight against injustices
  • develop spiritual awareness
  • personal fable & imaginary audience
47
Q

how many calories should adolescent girls eat in a day

A

2600

48
Q

how many calories should adolescent boys eat in a day

A

3600

49
Q

how much of an adolescent’s diet should be protein

A

12-16%

50
Q

describe ANOREXIA NERVOSA

A

complex emotional disorder of willful starvation generally beginning in 9-12 yr olds; more common in girls but increasing in boys; causes a large amount of deaths

51
Q

s/s: of anorexia nervosa

A
  • hair loss
  • fatigue
  • weakness
  • hypotension
  • bradycardia
  • stopping of menses
52
Q

describe BULIMIA NERVOSA

A

series of binge eating & purges; linked to depression & low self esteem

53
Q

what vaccines should 14-16 yr olds get

A
  • DTaP booster
  • HPV
  • meningococcal
  • flu
54
Q

s/s: anemia

A
  • weakness
  • fatigue
  • excessive menses
55
Q

how much sleep should adolescents get per night

A

9-10 hrs

56
Q

why are teens more prone to depression

A

greater time for self-reflection

57
Q

s/s: depression

A
  • crying spells
  • insomnia
  • eating disorders
  • social isolation/withdrawal
  • acting out
  • hopelessness
  • unexplained physical symptoms
  • loss of interest in appearance
  • giving away of possessions
58
Q

which gender is more affected by suicide

A

men

59
Q

list reasons for suicide

A
  • depression
  • low self-esteem
  • poor impulse control
  • substance abuse
  • emotional isolation
  • grief over loss/love affair
  • failure in school
  • inability to meet expectations
  • influence of suicidal friends
60
Q

list factors that increase risk for suicide

A
  • family history of suicide
  • major loss/disappointment
  • previous attempts
  • recent suicide of friends/family/role models
  • impulsiveness of adolescence
61
Q

s/s: suicide

A
  • sudden changes in appetite/sleep
  • withdrawal/depression/moodiness
  • excessive fatigue/agitation
  • neglect of personal hygiene
  • alcohol/drug abuse
  • lost interest in hobbies/aspects of life
  • self harm
  • preoccupation of eath
  • giving away of possessions
62
Q

define PHYSICAL DEPENDENCY when regarding substance abuse

A

rely on drug to function

63
Q

define PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCY when regarding substance abuse

A

rely on drug for feeling created

64
Q

s/s: substance abuse

A
  • altered sleep patterns/drowsiness/sleepiness/lethargy/hyperactivity
  • mood swings
  • changes in appetite
  • marked irritability
  • loss of interest in friends/school/activities
  • secretiveness
  • loss of property/money
  • impaired judgment
  • change in hygiene/appearance
65
Q

list effects of chewing tobacco/snuff

A
  • cracked lips
  • oral bleeding
  • ulcers
  • erosion of tooth enamel
  • increase risk of oral cancer
66
Q

list effects of nicotine

A
  • lung disease
  • respiratory cancers
  • emphysema
  • strokes
  • complications of throat, teeth, & tongue
67
Q

give examples of opiods

A

Oxycodone (oxycontin), Hydrocodone (vicodin), Heroin

68
Q

what drug is used to reverse respiratory distress in OD victims

A

Naloxone (Narcan)

69
Q

define BINGE DRINKING

A

+5 drinks for men & +4 drinks for women in a row within 2 hrs

70
Q

list the steps of the decision-making process

A
  1. decide what decision needed
  2. think through all possible alternatives
  3. evaluate each alternative
  4. select alternative
  5. act
  6. evaluate effectiveness of alternative
71
Q

what is FCCLA Planning

A

process for making goals; stands for Family, Career, & Community Leaders of America

72
Q

what are the steps of FCCLA Planning

A
  1. identify concerns
  2. set goal
  3. form plan
  4. act
  5. follow up
73
Q

what are the 3 stages of dating

A
  1. group dating
  2. casual/random dating
  3. steady dating
74
Q

describe GROUP DATING

A

attend activities as part of a group, putting less pressure on the individual allowing them to develop a friendship

75
Q

describe CASUAL/RANDOM DATING

A

explore comfort level & preferred traits

76
Q

describe STEADY DATING

A

couple is exclusive & committed

HOSA: Human G&D (15 decks)

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