Adaptations of a Leaf to Aid it in Photosynthesis

Question 1

supported by stem and petiole

Answer 1

to expose as much of the leaf as possible to the sunlight and air

Question 2

large surface area

Answer 2

to expose as large an area as possible to the sunlight and air

Question 3

thin

Answer 3

to allow sunlight to penetrate to all cells; to allow CO2 to diffuse in and O2 to diffuse out as quickly as possible

Question 4

stomata in lower epidermis- pores in the epidermis/stem of the leaf

Answer 4

to allow CO2 to diffuse in and O2 to diffuse out

Question 5

air space in spongy mesophyll

Answer 5

to allow CO2 and O2 to diffuse to and from all cells

Question 6

no chloroplasts in epidermal cells

Answer 6

to allow sunlight to penetrate to the mesophyll layer

Question 7

chloroplasts containing chlorophyll present in the mesophyll layer

Answer 7

to absorb energy from sunlight, so that CO2 will combine with H2O

Question 8

palisade cells arranged end on

Answer 8

to keep as few cell walls as possible between sunlight and the chloroplasts

Question 9

chloroplasts inside palisade cells often arranged broadside on

Answer 9

to expose as much chlorophyll as possible to sunlight

Question 10

chlorophyll arranged on flat membranes inside the chloroplasts

Answer 10

to expose as much chlorophyll as possible to sunlight

Question 11

xylem vessels within short distance of every mesophyll cell

Answer 11

to supply water to the cells in the leaf, some of which will be used in photosynthesis

Question 12

phloem tubes within short distance of every mesophyll cell

Answer 12

to take away sucrose and other organic products of photosynthesis

Question 13

mesophyll

Answer 13

the inner tissue of a leaf, containing many chloroplasts

Question 14

what raw materials are needed for photosynthesis

Answer 14

water and carbon dioxide

Question 15

what kind of cell makes the cuticle on a leaf

Answer 15

Epidermal Cell makes cuticle

Question 16

function of cuticle

Answer 16

The plant cuticle is an extracellular hydrophobic layer that covers the aerial epidermis of all land plants, providing protection against desiccation and external environmental stresses.

Question 17

what are guard cells

Answer 17

Guard cells are pairs of epidermal cells that control gas diffusion by regulating the opening and closure of stomatal pores.

Question 18

difference between heterotrophic and autotrophic nutrition

Answer 18

Autotrophs are organisms that prepare their own food through the process of photosynthesis, whereas heterotrophs are organisms that cannot prepare their own food and depend upon autotrophs for nutrition