Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Kin 322 > Action Preperation > Flashcards

Action Preperation Flashcards

1
Q

Reaction time

A

Interval between stimulus and initiation of muscle response (movement)
E.g. time between gun goes off and first initiation of movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 reaction time components

A
  1. Premotor time
  2. Motor time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pre-motor time

A

Indicates perceptual and cognitive decision making activity (neural aspect)
- before any muscle activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Motor time

A

Time between electromyography activity and the movement we see

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Info processing model of premotor activities

A

Perception (stimulus identification) -> cognition (response selection) ->action planning (response programming)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does response time include

A

Reaction time and movement time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Movement time

A

Interval of time between start and end of movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are RT and MT

A

Independent measures
Fast reaction does not mean fast movement in many situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When does muscle activity occur

A

During motor time and movement time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do we know how much time we spend in each phase

A

Donders subtractive method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Donders subtractive method

A

Measure duration of each stage of info processing using 3 different conditions and 4 stages in RT paradigm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

4 parts of RT

A

Cue to move, start of muscle activity, movement start, movement end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3 conditions of Donders subtractive method

A
  1. Simple RT (task a)
  2. Choice RT (task b)
  3. Discrimination RT (task c)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Simple RT

A

One signal, one response
E.g. stop sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Choice RT

A

More than one signal, each with own response
E.g. traffic light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Discrimination RT

A

More than one signal, one response
Go or no go

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

4 stages in RT paradigm of Donders subtractive method

A
  1. Stimulus detection
  2. Stimulus recognition
  3. Response selection
  4. Response programming
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Stimulus detection

A

Determining if sitmulus has occurred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stimulus recognition

A

Identify what stimulus it was

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Response selection

A

Choosing correct response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Response programming

A

Generating motor commands to make movement happen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does stimulus detection and stimulus identification of the Donders subtractive method line up with in the info processing model

A

Perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does response selection line up to in info processing model

A

Cognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does response programming from Donders subtractive method line up with in info processing model

A

Action planning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What parts of Donders subtractive method are used in choice RT

A

Stimulus detection - stimulus recognition - response selection - response program

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What parts of Donders subtractive method are used in go or no go

A

Stimulus detection - stimulus recognition - response program

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What parts of Donders subtractive method are used in simple RT

A

Stimulus detection - response program

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Which type of RT has more chance of error

A

Discrimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

6 situation and task characteristics that affect reaction time

A
  1. # of choices
  2. Predictability of choices
  3. Probability of pre cue correctness
  4. Stimulus-response compatibility
  5. Regulatory of foreperiod
  6. Order of stimulus presentation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Hicks law

A

Number of choices
RT will increase as number of choices increases

31
Q

What is number of choices interested in

A

Process time from input to output

32
Q

Increasing number of choices influences what

A

Decisions making -> increases response selection stage of info processing -> increase in RT

33
Q

Each time number of choices doubles what happens

A

RT increases by nearly an equal amount

34
Q

To decrease reaction time in hicks law

A

Want to decrease amount of choices

35
Q

When can hicks law not be applied

A

When some of the choices can be predicted with precues

36
Q

What is precuing technique

A

Involves presenting a precue before the signal to move

37
Q

what does precue provide info about

A

Some, none, ore all the options defining the desired response

38
Q

As predictability of one of the possible choices increases

A

Reaction time decreases

39
Q

As number of pre-cued dimensions increase

A

RT decreased

40
Q

What is the benefit of precue info

A

The participant only need to prepare non precued dimensions - decreased RT

41
Q

What must happen to gain benefits from the precue

A

Need to maintain focus

42
Q

Probability of precue correctness

A

If there is higher probability of a particular choice occurring, the performer will likely prepare that movement choice in advance of reaction stimulus

43
Q

What is the cost-benefit trade-off of probability of precue correctness

A

Cost= slower RT if bias is incorrect
Benefit= faster RT if bias is correct

44
Q

Stimulus-response compatibility

A

RT improves with the compatibility between the sitmulus and the response
RT increases if stimulus suggests one type of response but required response is different

45
Q

Left light means left button and right light means right button

A

Spatially compatible

46
Q

Left light means press left side and right light press on right side

A

Effector compatible

47
Q

Left light means right button and right light means left button

A

Spatially incompatible

48
Q

Left light triggers right hand and right light triggers left hand

A

Effector incompatible

49
Q

If left light means right button but arms crossed and pressed with left finger

A

Effector compatible

50
Q

Location is spatially compatible if

A

Signal on right side of screen corresponds to key location on right side of the keyboard

51
Q

Effector is compatible if

A

Signal on left side of screen corresponds to key press with left hand

52
Q

Which incompatibility has greatest effect on RT

A

Spatially incompatibility

53
Q

Strop test

A

RT increases (and numbers of errors) when the sitmulus (meaning of word) is not compatible with required response (colour of text)

54
Q

What do we process faster: meaning of word or appearance of font

A

Meaning of word

55
Q

What is most affected by strop effect

A

Response selection/cognition

56
Q

What other factors affect stroop test

A

Number of stimulus response alternatives, S-R compatibility and amount of practice

57
Q

Foreperiod

A

Time between warning signal and a “go” signal

58
Q

Effect of fore period length on RT

A

If foreperiod constant, simple RT decreases
- performer can anticipate timing

59
Q

What can we attribute the shorter RT associate with constant fore periods to

A

Anticipation of the performer

60
Q

Difference between foreperiod and precue

A

Foreperiod- no info just a warning period
Precue- info about direction, or about task, etc.

61
Q

Order of stimulus presented

A

Situation that require person to respond to a signal with an action then respond to another signal with a different action
Ie. bball defence: offence fakes right then moves left
RT will be slower for defensive players second movement than first

62
Q

What causes RT to seconds movement to be slower than first

A

Psychological refractory period
Reflects a distinct limitation in action prep process

63
Q

Why is there a psychological refractory period

A

Response 2 cannot be selected until first movement is initiated

64
Q

When can PRP be eliminated

A

If stimulus 2 occurs after response 1

65
Q

2 characteristics of the performer affecting reaction time

A
  1. Level of alertness
  2. Where attention is directed
66
Q

Alertness of performer influences

A

-time they take to prepare a required action
- quality of action itself

67
Q

Two types of performance situation where alertness important

A

RT task- short length but needs response quickly and accurately
Long term maintenance of alertness- respond fast and accurate but signals are infrequent and irregular

68
Q

What sort of tasks is alertness important for

A

Immediate and longer term tasks

69
Q

Immediate tasks (RT tasks)

A

Optimal length between warning signal and “go” signal
1-4 seconds for simple RT tasks
If go signal too soon after warning signal then RT increases
If go signal too later after warning signal then RT increases

70
Q

“Vigilance” tasks (long term )

A

Longer term maintenance for irregular, infrequent stimuli
Increase time between signals= increas RT and errors
Negatively affected by sleep deprivation

71
Q

2 important components when reacting as fast as possible to signal

A
  1. RT
  2. Movement time
72
Q

What to focus when reacting

A

Can focus
on signal itself (sensory set)
On movement required (motor set)

73
Q

What focus shortened prep time

A

Focusing on signal (sensory set)
Decreased prep time decreased RT

Kin 322 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions