acids, alkalis and indicators - SC8 Flashcards
how can acids and alkalis be measured?
on the pH scale
what pH describes a neutral property
pH 7
how would you describe a property with a lower pH than 7?
acidic
how would you describe a property with a higher pH than 7?
an alkali
what are acids in solution a source of?
hydrogen ions
what are alkalis in solution a source of?
hydroxide ions
how can the pH of a substance be found?
by indicators
If hydrogen ion concentration increases by 10, how much does the pH drop by
1
what does a high concentration of hydroxide ions indicate?
higher pH
what does a high concentration of hydrogen ions indicate?
lower pH
what does it mean when a solution is dilute?
the solution contains a small amount of dissolved solute
what does it mean when a solution is concentrated
the solutions has a large amount of dissolved solute
what does it mean when an acid is weak (in terms of dissociation into ions)
they only partly dissociate (will only lose/release one or 2 hydrogen ions)
what does it mean when an acid is strong (in terms of dissociation into ions)
they fully dissociate (break up, losing hydrogen)
name 4 common acids
hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid
