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Acid-Controlling Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Types of food & factors that stimulate parietal cell secretion of HCI

A

Caffeine, chocolate, fatty food, alcohol, emotional stress

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2
Q

Treatment for H. Pylori

A

-triple therapy (7-14 day course of PPI, clarithromycin, and either amoxicillin or metronidazole)
-quadruple therapy (PPI, bismuth subsalicylate, tetracycline, metronidazole)

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3
Q

Type of drug given to prevent stress-related mucosal damage

A

Histamine receptor-blocking drug or PPI

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4
Q

Types of Acid-controlling drugs

A

Antacids, H2 antagonist, PPI

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5
Q

T/F: Antacids inhibit acid secretion

A

False- only neutralizes acid

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6
Q

Antiflatulent drug

A

Simethicone

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7
Q

Why is magnesium used with some aluminum and calcium based antacids

A

Counteracts constipating effects of aluminum and calcium

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8
Q

Calcium antacids adverse effect

A

Kidney stones, increase gastric acid secretion

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9
Q

Magnesium based antacids contraindications

A

Renal failure

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10
Q

Sodium bicarbonate onset & duration

A

Quick onset, short duration of action

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11
Q

Antacid indication

A

Peptic ulcer, gastritis, gastric hyperacidity, heartburn

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12
Q

Antacid contraindications

A

Severe renal failure, electrolyte disturbance, GI obstruction

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13
Q

Local antacid anesthetic

A

Mucaine

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14
Q

Aluminum salts adverse effects

A

constipation

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15
Q

Type of antacid recommended for patients with renal disease

A

Aluminum salts; easy excretion

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16
Q

Aluminum salts examples

A

Combination products (aluminum and magnesium): Antacid Plus, Diovol, Gelusil, Maalox, Multiaction

Highlight in red in slides; just take note of it, but may not show up in final

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17
Q

Magnesium salts adverse effect

A

Diarrhea

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17
Q

Magnesium salts examples

A

Magnesium hydroxide and mineral oil (Magnolox)

Red in slides, but may not show up on final

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17
Q

Calcium salts adverse effects

A

Kidney stones, constipation, hyperacidity rebound*

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17
Q

Calcium salts contraindication

A

Renal disease

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18
Q

Calcium salts examples

A

Calcium carbonate and simethicone

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19
Q

Sodium bicarbonate adverse effects

A

Metabolic alkalosis

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20
Q

Sodium bicarbonate contraindication

A

HF, hypertension, renal insufficiency

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21
Q

Calcium bicarbonate adverse effect

A

Flatulence

22
H2 Receptor Antagonist drugs
ranitidine hydrochloride famotidine
23
H2 receptor antagonist MOA
Suppressed acid stomach secretion
24
H2 receptor antagonist indication
GERD, peptic ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis, upper GI bleeding, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, stress ulcer prophylaxis
25
H2 receptor antagonist adverse effects in older populations
confusion, disorientation
26
Ranitidine hydrochloride & famotidine adverse effects
thrombocytopenia
27
Ranitidine & famotidine interactions
-Inhibit absorption for drugs requiring an acidic GI envy' for absorption -reduced effectiveness when smoking
28
When taking with antacids, when should you take ranitidine and famotidine
1-2 hr before antacids
29
PPI difference from H2 antagonist and antacids
PPI is complete HCI secretion blockage. Other two are partial blockage
30
Which one is stronger: H2 antagonist or antacids
H2 antagonist
31
PPI examples
Lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole sodium
32
Pantoprazole route
IV only
33
Define achlorhydria & its indication
temporary state of complete gastric acid secretion blockage, but does not affect food absorption -good for ulcers
34
PPI indication
GI reflux, erosive esophagitis, short term treatment for active duodenal and benign gastric ulcers, Zollinger-Ellison, NSAIDs ulcers, stress ulcer prophylaxis, H. pylori induced infections
35
What to give with PPI for NSAIDs induced ulcers
Food
36
PPI adverse effects
osteoporosis, C. diff risk, pneumonia, fractures, Mg depletion
37
PPI adverse effects in older population
increased risk of acute kidney injury, interstitial nephritis
38
PPI interactions
Diazepam and phenytoin: increased serum levels of other drug Warfarin: bleeding Ketoconazole, ampicillin, iron salts, digoxin: increased absorption of other drug Copidogrel: MI risk, death Sucralfate: delayed absorption of PPI Food: PPI decreased absorption
39
When to take PPIs
Before breakfast to increase effectiveness; 1 hr before meals
40
Miscellaneous acid-controlling drugs
sucralfate, misoprostol, simethicone
41
sucralfate indication
stress ulcers, peptic ulcer disease
42
sucralfate adverse effect
constipation*, dry mouth, nausea
43
when to take sucralfate
2 hr before other drugs on empty stomach
44
Sucralfate frequency consideration
Short half life; impractical -- have to take often
45
Sucralfate interactions
Phosphate: decreased phosphate level; used in chronic renal failure
46
T/F: Sucralfate acts systemically
False
47
Misoprostol indication
prevent NSAIDS induced gastric ulcers
48
what time in the day to take misoprostol
at bedtime, with meals
49
High dose of misoprostol indication
abortion medication-- stimulates contractions
50
misoprostol adverse effects
diarrhea, abdominal cramps
51
When should you take antacids when taking other medications
admin antacids within 1-2 hr of other meds
52
How much water to drink with antacids to increase absorption
at least 240 mL
53
Adverse effects of long term antacid use
Mask underlying disease: malignancy, bleeding ulcers
54
T/F: Pantoprazole capsule granules should not used via NG tubes
False. They can be used and mixed with apple juice, but not chewed or crushed
55

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