Acid base balance Flashcards
Airway, Respiration, Ventilation
Normal PH range of exracellular fluid in the human body
7.35-7.45
The byproducts of normal bodily function cause the ECF PH to
Decrease, Become ore acidic
What is the primary buffer against acidosis in the ECF
Carbonic Acid and bicarbonate buffer system
Does the buffer system remove acids from the ECF
No just temporarily neutralizes them
What is the relationship between H+ and PH?
Inverse relationship. The more available H+ the lower the PH
What is the relationship between CO2 and PH
Inverse relationship More available CO2 the lower the PH
What system takes the longest to respond to help maintain homeostasis in the ECF?
The Renal system
If there are high CO2 levels in the ECF, how will a healthy respiratory system respond
By increasing breathing rate to offload more CO2
What is the underlying problem in respiratory acidosis
Buildup of CO2 caused by interruption in the normal ventilatory process, causing a decrease in the ECF PH
Underling problem in respiratory alkalosis
to much CO2 has been offload by overworking ventilatory system (hyperventilation). leads to increase in ECF PH
Underlying problem in metabolic acidosis
Insufficient bicarbonate availability, caused by either reduced bicarbonate production or increased H+ production, leads to an decrease in ECF PH
Underlying problem in metabolic alkalosis?
Increased availability of bicarbonate ions, either due to increased bicarb levels or a decrease in natural acids in the ECF, leading to increase in ECF PH
acidosis (respiratory or metabolic) and alkalosis, which one is more frequently encountered?
A state of acidosis is more likely to be encountered due to the relatively common causes and natural trend of the body to become acidodic when systems fail
Normal range of end tidal CO2
35-45 mmHg
