Achievement motivation Flashcards
1
Q
Motivation
A
Motivation is the internal mechanisms and external stimuli that arouse and direct behaviour
2
Q
2 personality types that achievement motivation theory identifies:
A
- A need to achieve (nAch)
- A need to avoid failure (naF)
3
Q
Achievement motivation is influenced by personality factors:
A
- Personality factors (nAch and naF)
- High nAch and low naF = hard skills that are riskiers
- High naF and low nAch = Easier tasks that are more easily achieved
4
Q
Achievement motivation is influenced by situational factors:
A
- Probability of success
- If there is a low probability of success but there is high incentive - e.g, a draw against a top team
- If success and incentive are mid then success is not guaranteed but there are higher levels of challenge, this means the performer feels some success
- If probability of success is high but the incentive is low someone will be expecting to win and failure is unlikely
5
Q
Why is it important to know someones type of motivation ?
A
Beneficial to the coach so they know what motivation strategies to adopt and set targets for
6
Q
Approach behaviour:
A
- taking risks
- rising to challenges
- satisfaction to winning
7
Q
Avoidance behaviour:
A
- opting for the easier choice
- not attempting a task that could reduce self-esteem
8
Q
A coach could develop an athletes approach behaviour by:
A
- Positive experiences (reinforcement)
- Gradually increase the difficulty of tasks
- Reduce punishment
- Develop self-esteem
- Encourage self-esteem
- Achievable goal setting
9
Q
Achievement goal theory:
A
- Motivation and persistence depend on goal type and success measurement
- Outcome goals focus on beating others (Success boosts pride but failure can lower confidence)
- Task related goals focus on personal improvement and self-set standards which maintain confidence regardless of the result
- perceived ability influences how
goals are evaluated
