Accidente si complicatii extractie Flashcards

1
Q

Care sunt accidentele extractiei dentare?

A
  • Leziuni dentare
  • leziuni parti moi
  • leziuni osoase
  • accidente sinusale
  • impingere dd in spatii perimaxilare
  • leziuni nervoase
  • luxatie ATM
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2
Q

Care sunt considerate zonele cu corticale subtiri?

A
  • corticala vest a C sup si M sup
  • cort vest grup F inferior
  • cort linguala Molari inf
  • tuberozitate maxilara
  • podea sinus maxilar
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3
Q

Perioade de recuperare nervi NAI si mentonier

A

6-9 luni, chiar dupa 18 luni

dupa 2 ani-putin probabil sa se mai recupreze

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4
Q

Procente afectare nervi

A
  • 0,6-5%- pt NAI si mentonier la extractii m3
  • 1% pt n. lingual
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5
Q

Care sunt complicatiile extractiei?

A
  • Durere, tumefactie, trismus
  • Hemoragie postextractionala
  • Echimoza si hematom
  • Complicatii infectioase
  • Vindecare intarziata
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6
Q

Cui se datoreaza trismusul?

A

contractiei spastice a muschiului pterigoidian intern, datorata iritatiei inflamatorii

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7
Q

Clasificare hemoragie:

A
  1. imediat-prelungita: continua peste perioada normala si nu are tendinta de oprire spontana
  2. precoce: reapare la 2-3 h de la extractie
  3. tardiva: se declanseaza la cateva zile de la extractie
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8
Q

Ce substante influenteaza hemostaza?

Cei 5 A:

A
  1. Aspirina
  2. Anticoagulante
  3. Antibiotice
  4. Alcool
  5. Antitumorale (citostatice)
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9
Q

In cadrul trat. local al hemoragiei precoce, ce se face?

A
  1. indepartare cheaguri-irigare abundenta
  2. introducere in alveola: agenti hemostatici activi (trombina) sau pasivi (colagen, celuloza oxidata, bureti resorbabili din gelatina)
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10
Q

Cu ce substante se poate proteja cheagul de actiunea fibrinolitica a plasmei?

A

Analogi de lizina:

  • acid tranexamic
  • acid aminocaproic

detaliaza

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11
Q

In ce consta tratamentul general al hemoragiilor?

A
  • Etamsilat 12.5%- im ½ fiole, la 4-6 ore
  • etamsilatul actioneaza doar pe Hemostaza I, crescand adezivitatea trombocitara si crescand rezistenta capilara
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12
Q

Caracteristici dry-socket

A
  • pacienti cu reactivitate imunitara redusa
  • flora bacteriana saprofita
  • durerere intensa- ameliorate doar partial de antalgice
  • fara adenita/infectie sistemica
  • posibila complicatie cu osteomielita(unghi mand)
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13
Q

Tratament dry-socket

A
  • simptomatic
  • irigatii slaba antiseptice, chiuretaj alveolar, conuri cu AB, anestezice locale
  • scadere incidenta prin PRF sau gel CHX 0,2% in plaga
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14
Q

Caracteristici alveolita umeda:

A
  • nu prea se gaseste in tratate
  • acumulare t. granulatie
  • cheag exuberant, murdar, fetid, suprainf
  • aspect de polip gingival
  • pereti ososi moi, osteitici
  • Trat: chiuretaj, regularizare plan osos, conuri cu AB, anest locale, antialgice
  • Antibioterapie DOAR la fenomene infectioase generale(reactie febrila)
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15
Q

Ce medicamente pt af cronice pot intarzia vindecarea ?

A
  • citostatice
  • anticoagulante
  • glucocorticoizi
  • AINS: prin stimulare proliferare t. granulatie/inhibitie migrare MF si remodelare colagen
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16
Q

Ce medicamente favorizeaza vindecarea?

A
  • hormoni de crestere
  • vit A si C
17
Q

Care e cel mai important factor in vindecarea intarziata?

A

malnutritia

18
Q

Modificarile acute din radioterapie asupra mucoasei

A
  • mucozita
  • eritem
  • xerostomie
19
Q

Modificarile cronice din radioterapie pe mucoase

A
  • fibroza
  • vasculita obliterativa
  • raspuns imun diminuat