Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Abdominal Viscera > Flashcards

Abdominal Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

the esophagus pierces the diaphragm at t10 slightly left of the midline and this is known as the

A

esophageal hiatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the esophagus turns left sharply to enter the stomach at the

A

cardiac orifice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the inferior vena cava pierces the diaphragm at

A

t8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the aorta pierces the diaphragm at

A

t 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

condition occurs when esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm enlarges and weakens causing parts of stomach to herniate into the thorax

A

sliding hiatal hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hernia in diaphragm next to esophageal hiatus permits fundic stomach to herniate

A

paraesophageal hiatal hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4 parts of the stomach

A

cardia, fundus, body, pyloric antrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the lesser curvature of the stomach connects to the __ via the lesser omentum

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

this is a feature of the stomach that consists of folds to aid in digestion

A

rugae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the stomach is in contact with the __ kidney

A

left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3 parts of small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

4 parts of the duodenum… 4th part connects to right crus of diaphragm via suspensory (muscular) ligament of the duodenum

A

superior, descending, horizontal, ascending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

most of the duodenum is retroperitoneal except for the 1st part which is partially covered by the ___ ligament

A

hepatoduodenal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

THE mesentery begins at the flexure between what two structures

A

duodenum, jejunum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the right kidney and ureter are posterior to this segment of the duodenum and bile enters here through the duodenal papilla

A

2nd (descending)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the ileum ends at the

A

ileo-cecal valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the jejunum and ileum of the small intestine are very mobile and held to the posterior wall by

A

THE mesentery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

we can distinguish the jejunum from the ileum by its ___ vasa recta and more ___

A

longer, plicae circularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

we can distinguish the ileum from the jejunum by its shorter ____ and fewer ____

A

vasa recta, plicae circularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

this remnant of the vitelline duct is a common (diseased) feature of the ileum (looks like appendicitis often)

A

meckel’s ileal diverticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the left and right colic ____ are the points in the large intestine where the colon takes a sharp turn

A

flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3 bands of longitudinal muscle on the outside of the colon that converge at the root of the appendix are called

A

taenia coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

taenia coli produce these sacculations that slow the movement of feces in order for water absorption and fecal formation

A

haustrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

this feature of the large intestine (not cecum) is made of tags of fat

A

appendices epeploicae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

this structure, just before the cecum is two folds that are not a true sphincter

A

ileocolic valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

this is a cone like projection/ opening of the ileum into the cecum superior to the opening for the appendix

A

ileal papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

this structure is attached posteromedial to cecum at the junction of 3 taenia coli

A

vermiform appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

wich portions of the colon are retroperitoneal

A

ascending and descending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

this lymph organ sits in the left hypochondriac region between the stomach and diaphragm. it is intraperitoneal.

A

spleen

30
Q

two mesenteries connected to the spleen’s visceral surface

A

gastrosplenic ligament

splenorenal ligament

31
Q

this glandular organ is retroperitoneal

A

pancreas

32
Q

pancreas has four parts: head (sits within the ____ curve), body, neck, and tail (anterior to hilus of ___)

A

duodenal, spleen

33
Q

the IVC and aorta sit ___ to the body of the pancreas, the stomach is ___

A

posterior, anterior

34
Q

the main pancreatic duct joins the bile duct to enter the duodenum via the

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla

35
Q

the hepatopancreatic ampul forms the major duodenal __

A

papilla

36
Q

this organ is located in the upper right quadrant

A

liver

37
Q

four lobes of the liver are left, right, __ and __

A

quadrate, caudate

38
Q

double layer of peritoneum that connects liver to anterior body wall and separates the left and right lobes

A

falciform ligament

39
Q

peritoneum does not cover the area of the liver that articulates with the ___ and this is where the hepatic vein drains into IVC

A

diaphragm

40
Q

when viewing the inferior liver, the left lobe is separated from the caudate lobe by the ligamentum ___ and from the quadrate lobe by the ligamentum ___. the hepatic fossa is a place for the gallbladder to sit.

A

venosum, teres hepatis

41
Q

the ____ is a transverse fissure between caudate and quadrate lobes that carries the portal triad

A

porta hepatis

42
Q

what superior structure connects to both the hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric ligaments

A

lesser omentum

43
Q

this is the lowest widest part of the gallbladder that usually sits on the transpyloric line

A

fundus

44
Q

when the cystic duct and common hepatic duct combine we get the ___ which runs along the lesser momentum to the duodenum where it enters with the pancreatic duct

A

bile duct

45
Q

the aorta is retroperitoneal and terminates at L4 where it divides into the left and right

A

common iliac arteries

46
Q

the left and right ___ form the aortic hiatus. the thoracic duct sits to which side of the aorta

A

crus, right

47
Q

root of THE mesentery sits anterior to

A

abdominal aorta

48
Q

the celiac artery, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, and median sacral arteries are special branches of the abdominal aorta because they are

A

unpaired

49
Q

distenstion/weakening of the vascular wall

A

aneurism

50
Q

this branch from the aorta branches directly inferiorly to the aortic hiatus and is surrounded by plexus and ganglia. 3 major branches come from it: left gastric, common hepatic, and splenic.

A

celiac trunk

51
Q

this artery branches from celiac trunk to lesser curvature of stomach

A

left gastric a.

52
Q

the common hepatic a. splits into

A

proper hepatic and gastroduodenal a.

53
Q

this tortuous artery comes from celiac trunk, runs posterior to stomach and superior to pancreas and ends in several branches

A

splenic

54
Q

contents of the portal triad (hepatoduodenal ligament)

A

hepatic artery
portal vein
bile duct

55
Q

the ___ vein runs into liver tissue along with the hepatic artery and blood is drained from this tissue by ___ veins

A

portal, hepatic

56
Q

the ___ receives blood supply from both the superior mesenteric artery and the celiac trunk

A

pancreas

57
Q

superior pancreaticoduodenal a. arises from ___ whereas the inferior pancreaticoduodenal a. arises from the ___ (and splits into anterior and posterior branches)

A

celiac, superior mesenteric

58
Q

small intestine (jejunum and ileum) blood supply comes from

A

superior mesenteric

59
Q

the ileocolic a. comes from ___ and splits into posterior cecal branch, anterior cecal branch, ileal branch, and appendicular branch.

A

superior mesenteric

60
Q

this a. supplies derivatives of the hind gut (sigmoid, rectum, colon)

A

inferior mesenteric

61
Q

the ___ system of capillaries carries nutrient rich (O2 poor) blood from the digestive system to the liver and sits posterior to the pancreas

A

hepatic portal

62
Q

the hepatic portal system ends as this valve-less vein which begins at the convergence of the splenic vein, superior and inferior mesenteric

A

portal vein

63
Q

the point where the portal system enters the liver after traveling through the hepatoduodenal ligament

A

porta hepatis

64
Q

the esophagus contains a sub mucous venous plexus as well as overlapping drainage of blood to which two systems

A

azygous (superior)

portal (inferior)

65
Q

the IVC bifurcates posterior, right, and inferior to that of the

A

aorta

66
Q

on the left side, the suprarenal and gonadal veins enter the ___ instead of the IVC directly

A

renal vein

67
Q

veins from the GI tract normally drain into the ___ vein whereas those from posterior structures (like kidneys) normally drain into ___

A

portal, IVC

68
Q

4 ways for blood to bypass the liver (i.e. in times of cirrhosis) possible because of no valves

A

esophageal
paraumbilical v.
colic to retroperitoneal v
between superior rectal/middle/inferior rectal v.

69
Q

a liver with cirrhosis could result in rerouting of blood using esophageal branches of l. gastric v. and this could cause what condition (dilation of veins)

A

esophageal vericosities

70
Q

when liver is blocked, these veins in the falciform ligament dilate causing blood to flow toward what caval system. this can cause kaput medusa (dissension of veins in abdomen)

A

paraumbilical veins

71
Q

retroperitoneal veins that drain into lumbar veins which eventually enter IVC are called ___ and the colic veins can use this route to bypass liver

A

veins of retzius

72
Q

vericosities and hemorrhoids can occur between superior, middle, and inferior ___ veins as blood travels to bypass the liver

A

rectal

Anatomy (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions