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Anatomy > 2. Posterior Ab Wall/ Pelvis > Flashcards

2. Posterior Ab Wall/ Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

which posterior abdominal wall muscle is the primary hip flexor

A

psoas major

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2
Q

muscle which sits within the iliac fossa and attaches to lesser trochanter

A

iliacus

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3
Q

muscle originates on T12 and L1 vertebra, inserts on pectineal line of superior rams of pubis, and acts to extend/flex trunk

A

psoas minor

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4
Q

most lateral muscle of post ab wall, innervated by T12-L4

A

quadratus lumborum

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5
Q

posterior abdominal wall muscle innervated by femoral n.

A

iliacus

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6
Q

the 3 peripheral origins (sternal, costal, lumbar) of the diaphragm insert on

A

central tendon

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7
Q

which diaphragm crus is longer, wrapping around the anterior portion of the aortic hiatus

A

right

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8
Q

which ligament of diaphragm is over the aorta

A

median arcuate

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9
Q

which ligament of diaphragm is over the psoas major and sympathetic trunks

A

medial arcuate

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10
Q

which ligament of diaphragm is over the quadrates lumborum and subcostal n.

A

lateral arcuate

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11
Q

this area of the diaphragm has potential to herniate (not a hiatus)

A

vertebrocostal triangle

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12
Q

diaphragm opening for aortic hiatus (and thoracic duct) occurs at

A

T12

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13
Q

diaphragm opening for esophageal hiatus (and vagal trunk and lymphatics) occurs at

A

T10

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14
Q

diaphragm opening for caval hiatus (and phrenic n. and lymph from liver) occurs at

A

T8

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15
Q

the superior epigastric vessels cross the diaphragm at the ____ hiatus

A

sternocostal

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16
Q

while motor information to diaphragm is all from phrenic n. sensory information utilizes both the phrenic nerve and

A

intercostal nerves (peripheral diaphragm)

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17
Q

4 unpaired arteries of the abdominal aorta

A

celiac trunk, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, and median sacral

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18
Q

left and right gonadal arteries arise directly from the abdominal aorta unlike gonadal veins: the left drains to ___ and the right drains to ___

A

L renal v. , IVC

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19
Q

sympathetic innervation to the ___ does not synapse before reaching its destination allowing quick injection of adrenaline into bloodstream

A

suprarenal gland

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20
Q

two pathways involved in sympathetic innervation to gut

A

splanchnic and suprarenal

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21
Q

two pathways involved in parasympathetic innervation to gut

A

pelvic splanchnic and vagus n.

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22
Q

the ureter descends from the kidney posterior to ___ and then anterior to ___

A

gonadal aa. ; common iliac a.

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23
Q

the ___ kidney is inferior to the other by ~1 vertebral segment because of the ___

A

right, liver

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24
Q

5 renal segments

A

superior/ apical, antero-superior, antero-inferior, inferior, posterior

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25
Q

there are 4 ___ segments but only 3 ___ segments of each kidney

A

anterior, posterior

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26
Q

after secretion from the renal pyramid, urine flows through the _____ to renal pelvis to ureter

A

papilla to minor calyx to major calyx

27
Q

peritoneum from anterior abdominal walls lies loosely over the __ allowing expansion

A

bladder

28
Q

superior rectal a. arises from what

A

inferior mesenteric a.

29
Q

potential space filled with fat and CT between pubic symphysis and bladder

A

prevesical space (retropubic)

30
Q

parietal pelvic fascia is continuous with

A

transversalis fascia

31
Q

potential space between sacrum and rectum

A

retrorectal (presacral) space

32
Q

Endopelvic fascia condenses to form ligaments such as

A

Sacrouterine ligament

33
Q

Ligaments that carry uterine artery

A

Transverse cervical ligament

34
Q

Ligament in men that is analogous to the pubovesical ligament in females (condensation of visceral endopelvic fascia)

A

Puboprostatic ligament

35
Q

Structure separates rectum from prostate and seminal vesicles

A

Rectovesical Septum

36
Q

infection within anal canal that can spread to ischioanal fossae through postanal spaces to the other side of the body

A

ischioanal abcesses

37
Q

muscular tubes that push urine to the bladder using peristalsis

A

ureter

38
Q

3 places where urinary calculi catch (constrictions of ureter)

A

kidney hilum, crossing pelvic brim, bladder entry

39
Q

ureter is crossed anteriorly by ___ before entering the bladder (water under the bridge)

A

uterine artery & ductus deferens

40
Q

4 parts of the bladder

A

apex, base, body, neck

41
Q

the ___ muscle makes up bladder walls

A

detrusor

42
Q

smooth, thickened area inside the bladder defined by opening for 2 ureters and the urethra

A

trigone

43
Q

parasympathetic bladder innervation include motor control of

A

detrusor m.

44
Q

4 portions of male urethra

A

intramural, prostatic, membranous, spongy

45
Q

autonomic control of the internal urethral sphincter (between what two portions of urethra?) keeps semen from entering bladder

A

intramural and prostatic

46
Q

where seminal vesicles empty into urethra

A

seminal colliculus

47
Q

structure that allows ejaculatory ducts to open

A

prostatic utricle

48
Q

dilated terminal portion of the rectum superior to anorectal line (which joins top of anal columns)

A

rectal ampulla

49
Q

the ____ portion of legator ahi muscle forms a sling at the anorectal junction forming anorectal flexure

A

puborectalis

50
Q

line joining top of anal columns

A

anorectal line

51
Q

line joining inferior ends of anal valves

A

pectinate line

52
Q

nerves above the pectinate line are __ whereas those below are ___

A

visceral, somatic

53
Q

this artery begins at aorta, passes anteriorly to the ureter, crosses back to the center at the common iliac bifurcation, and runs in the suspensory ligament

A

ovarian a.

54
Q

small a. that arises from the aorta near the bifurcation into common iliac aa.

A

median sacral

55
Q

most pubic veinous plexuses drain into

A

internal iliac v.

56
Q

anatomical overlap (and maybe high BP or cirrhosis) leads to ___

A

rectal hemorrhoids

57
Q

hemorrhoids due to excess abdominal pressure and straining occur at ___ rectal v. plexus

A

external

58
Q

lymph drainage: prostate and uterus drain to ___, bladder drains to ___, and perineal structures drain to __ inguinal nodes

A

internal, external, superficial

59
Q

sympathetic n. supply to pelvis

A

sacral splanchnics

60
Q

parasympathetic n. supply to pelvis (S2-4)

A

pelvic splachnics

61
Q

the pelvic pain line follows the __. pain above this line follows sympathetics, pain below follows parasympathetics

A

peritoneum

62
Q

nerves of the sacral plexus sit on surface of what muscle

A

piriformis

63
Q

pelvic plexuses (rectal, vesicle, prostatic, and uterovaginal) together make up what plexus

A

inferior hypogastric

64
Q

what portion of the legator ani muscle is support for vagina

A

pubovaginalis

Anatomy (12 decks)

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