A.6 - Histology of plant organs (regarding to nutrition and digestibility)

Question 1

Give the histological layers of a plant

Answer 1

• Rhizodermis
• Cortex
  
  • Endodermis
• Central Stele

Question 2

What is the function of the root pith, where is it located?

Answer 2

• Storage, Most nutritious part of the root
• Heart of the stele

Question 3

Why are storage roots easier to digest?

Answer 3

They are dominated by parenchymal cells

Question 4

Chlorenchyma is found in…

Answer 4

Dicots

Question 5

Where is secondary stem growth rare?

Answer 5

Monocots

Question 6

Give the types of secondary stem growth

Answer 6

• Tilia Type
• Ricinus Type
• Aristolochia Type
• Helianthus Type

Question 7

What is the border of xylem and phloem?

Answer 7

Cambium

Question 8

Heartwood lacks the ability to…

Answer 8

Conduct water

Question 9

What kind of wood conducts water and nutrients?

Answer 9

Sapwood

Question 10

The different layers of woody plants

Answer 10

• Softwood
• Hardwood
• Heatwood
• Sapwood

Question 11

Leaves have pre-determined growth

True or false?

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What do leaves protect?

Answer 12

Stem apex

Question 13

The terms ‘hypostomatic’, ‘epistomatic’ and ‘amphistomatic’ describe…

Answer 13

The presence of Stomata on the leaf

Question 14

What is the central leaf parenchyma called?

Answer 14

Mesophyll

Question 15

What is a C₄ plant?

Answer 15

Plants which have radiate mesophyll geometry

Better CO₂ fixation

Question 16

What property defines a plant to be good for forage?

Answer 16

A good stem:leaf ratio

Question 17

Give the characteristics of flowers in terms of their histology

Answer 17

• One layer epidermis
• Papillae
• Poor nutritive value
• Pigmentation in vacuoles

Question 18

What forms the walls of pollen?

Answer 18

Sporopollenin

Question 19

What forms the adhesives for pollen?

Answer 19

Pollenkitt

Question 20

Morphologically, what are Stamens and pistils?

Answer 20

Modified leaves with chlorenchyma and parenchyma present

Question 21

What do fruits consist of?

Answer 21

• Exocarp
• Mesocarp
• Endocarp
• Parenchyma

Question 22

The exocarp is sometimes lignified

true or false?

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What are seed walls composed of?

Answer 23

Hemicellulose

Question 24

Which nutrients are present in the seed?

Answer 24

• Perisperm
• Endosperm