A.10 - The major groups of polyketides and terpenoids

Question 1

What are Polyketides?

Answer 1

Derivates of Acetyl-CoA

Question 2

What are the varieties of Polyketides?

Answer 2

• Universal Polyketides
• Polyynes
• Specific polyketides
  
  • ^{Phloroglucinol}
  • ^{Anthraquinones}
  • ^{Naphthodianthrones}
• Tetracycline Antibiotics

Question 3

What are Terpenoids?

Answer 3

Isoprene derivates

Question 4

What are the varieties of terpenoids?

Answer 4

• Monoterpenes
• Diterpenes
• Triterpenes
• Tetraterpenes
• Hemiterpenes
• Sesquiterpenes

Question 5

What are Monoterpenes?

Answer 5

• Volatile Oils
• Produce odour, e.g Thymol
• Insect repelling, antimicrobial

Question 6

What are Sesquiterpenes?

Answer 6

• Found in Asteraceae
• Volatile Oils
• Allergen, e.g Bisabolol

Question 7

What are Diterpenes?

Answer 7

• Non-volatile
• Plant hormones
• Irritants & Tumour Promotors

Question 8

What are Triterpenes?

Answer 8

• Cardiac Glycosides, Phytosterols

Question 9

How do Cardiac Glycosides work?

Answer 9

• Inhibit Na⁺/K⁺ pumps
• Disrupting cardiac contractions

Question 10

What are Tetraterpenes?

Answer 10

• Basic Unit of Carotenoid plant pigments
• Provide UV protection
• Basis of rubbers