A.13 - Major flowerless, gymnosperm and monocot taxons (identification and importance) Flashcards

1
Q

What are monocots?

A
  • Fruit Producing
  • Non-Branching
  • Six-tepaled plants
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2
Q

Give examples of flowerless taxons

A
  • Algae
  • Lichens
  • Mosses
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3
Q

What is Algae?

A
  • Unicellular / Multicellular
  • Rich in Protein
  • Helpful against Rumen Acidosis
  • Can sometimes produce poisonous cyanobacteria
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4
Q

What are Lichens?

A
  • Fungal Symbiotes
  • 700 Identified secondary metabolites
  • Acts as an Expectorant
  • Natural forage for deer
  • Some have antibiotic effects
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5
Q

Mosses are…

A

Not of any Veterinary Importance

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6
Q

Horsetails contain…

A

Silica Crystals

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7
Q

True ferns contain…

A

Thiaminase and ptaquiloside

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8
Q

Cycads

A
  • Gymnosperm
  • Palm like
  • Woody stems
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9
Q

Gingko

A
  • Gymnosperm
  • Dichotomous Leaves
  • Medicinal effect (CNS)
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10
Q

Yew

A
  • Gymnosperm
  • Needle-like leaves
  • Diterpenoid Poisons
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11
Q

List the species of gymnosperm

A
  • Cycad
  • Gingko
  • Yew
  • Cypress Species
  • Pine Species
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12
Q

Give the varieties of Monocot

A
  • Araceae
  • Lillaceae
  • Juncaceae
  • Cyperaceae
  • Poaceae
  • Iridaceae
  • Amaryllidaceae
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13
Q

What are Lillies?

A
  • Monocot
  • Ornamental Species
  • Contains Colchicine and Steroidal Saponins
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14
Q

What are Arums?

A
  • Shiny, individual leaves and berries
  • Cyanogenic Glycosides and Oxalates
  • House Plants
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15
Q

What are Rushes?

A
  • Junaceae
  • Cylindrical Leaves and Stem
  • Air Cavities
  • Lacks toxic compounds
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16
Q

What are Sedges?

A
  • Cyperaceae
  • Grass-like, W-shapes leaves
  • Silica Crystals
  • Low digestivility and nutritive value
17
Q

What are Grasses?

A
  • Majority of Carbohydrate forage
  • Cyanogenic Glycosides can be present
  • Fructans → Laminitis
18
Q

What are Irises?

A
  • Iridaceae
  • Mildy Toxic
  • Flavone Glycosides
19
Q

What are Amaryllis?

A
  • Amaryllidaceae
  • Alkaloids
  • Non-proteinogenic amino acids
  • Fructans Present