A&P Chapter 9 Flashcards
A flattened structure at the end of each finger and toe made of keratin from the epidermis
Nail
Burns that involve the epidermis and a portion of the dermis; also called second-degree burns
Partial-Thickness Burns
Referring to under the skin
Hypodermic
A protein in the skin that is responsible for the strength and permeability of the epidermis
Keratin
Thread-like, keratin-containing appendage of the outer layer of the skin
Hair
Burns that involve the hypodermis and possibly bone, muscle, or internal organs; also called full-thickness burns
Third-Degree Burns
Glands that produce sebum and are located in the dermis of the entire body, except for the palms and soles
Sebaceous Glands
An injury in which the involved body part has lost its outer layer of skin or mucous membrane because it has been rubbed or scratched off
Abrasion
Sweat glands that produce a solution containing salt and urea that is secreted directly onto the surface of the skin through sweat pores
Merocrine (Eccrine) Glands
The outer layer of the epidermis, which contains about 25 layers of dead cells that continuously shed as new cells push upward
Stratum Corneum
Burns that involve the epidermis and a portion of the dermis; also called partial-thickness burns
Second-Degree Burns
Granules within the stratum lucidum that are formed from keratohyalin and are eventually transformed to keratin
Eleidin
The portion of the nail over which the nail body lies
Nail Bed
Pores in the skin through which sweat is secreted
Sweat Pores
The result of heat or other thermal injury to the skin
Burns
The layer of epidermis between the stratum granulosum and the stratum germinativum that contains cells known as keratinocytes, which synthesize the keratohyalin, a precursor of keratin
Stratum Spinosum
A whitish, crescent-shaped structure at the base of the nail body
Lunula
Tubelike structures in which hairs develop; they extend from the skin surface into the dermis
Hair Follicles
Wound made by a sharp instrument that passes through the skin, affecting all tissues in its path
Penetrating Wound
The inner layer of the skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels; located immediately above the hypodermis
Dermis
A condition of the skin resulting from the inability to synthesize melanin
Albinism
Material produced by sebaceous glands that contains a combination of fatty material and cellular debris
Sebum
The innermost layer of epidermis
Stratum Germinativum
Breaks in the integrity of the integumentary system
Wounds
The layer of soft tissue immediately below the dermis; also called the hypodermis
Subcutaneous Layer
The layer of epidermis between the stratum lucidum and the stratum spinosum that is composed of flattened cells that contain granules of keratohyalin
Stratum Granulosum
Burns involving only the epidermis; also called first-degree burns
Superficial Burns
The portions of hair that extend above the skin
Hair Shafts
Burns involving only the epidermis; also called superficial burns
First-Degree Burns
The superficial, outer layer of the skin that contains numerous nerve vessels, but no nerve endings; acts as the body’s first line of defense
Epidermis
The cells in the epidermis that produce a protein called keratin
Keratinocytes
The body’s external surface, including the skin, nails, hair, and sweat and oil glands
Integumentary System
A precursor of keratin that is located in the stratum granulosum of the epidermis
Keratohyalin
A smooth cut, usually made by a sharp object such as a scalpel
Incision
A wound with a smooth or jagged edge, resulting from a tearing, scraping, or sharp cutting action
Laceration
Epidermal cells that contribute to skin color by producing a dark pigment called melanin
Melanocytes
Coiled tubular glands that usually open into hair follicles of the axillae and genitalia, as well as around the anus
Apocrine Glands
The layer of tissue immediately beneath the dermis; also called the subcutaneous layer
Hypodermis
The first inner layer of the epidermis, it is readily visible in the thick epithelium of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet
Stratum Lucidum
Glands that secrete sebum; also called sebaceous glands
Holocrine Glands
A wound in which flaps of the skin and tissue are torn loose or pulled off completely
Avulsion
The dark pigment in skin that protects the skin from the sun’s ultraviolet rays
Melanin
A thin, noncellular layer of ground substance lying under epithelial surfaces that separates the epidermis from the areolar tissue of the adjacent dermis
Basal Lamina
Cell structures specialized for cell-to-cell adhesion
Desmosomes
Completely cutting or tearing off of a body part
Amputation
Muscle attached at the base of the hair that pulls the hair perpendicular to the surface of the skin in cold or threatening situations
Arrector Pili Muscle
Burns that involve the hypodermis and possibly bone, muscle, or internal organs; also called third-degree burns
Full-Thickness Burns
