A&P 1.13 Flashcards
Superficial Anterior Forearm Muscles
Palmaris longus
L: Anterior forearm superficial
O: Medical epicondyle of humerus
I: Blends into flexor retinaculum & palmar aponeurosis
A: Flexion of hand at wrist
Not everyone has a Palmar Aponeurosis (sheet of CT on palm of hand)
Superficial Anterior Forearm Muscles
Pronator Teres
L: Anterior forearm superficial
O: Medial epicondule of humerus
I: Middle of radius
A: Pronation & flexion of forearm at elbow
Most proximal muscle on anterior forearm
Deep Lateral Rotators of Hip
Obturator Externus
L: Posterior buttocks deep
O: Marings of obturator foramen of pubis & ischium
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
A: Lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Deep Lateral Rotators of Hip
Obturator Internus
L: Posterior buttocks deep
O: Obturator membrane & surrounding bones
I: Greater trochanter of femur (medial surface)
A: Lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Deep Lateral Rotators of Hip
Quadratus Femoris
L: Posterior buttocks deep
O: Ischial tuberosit of ischium
I: Quadrate tubercle of femur (just above gluteal tuberosity)
A: Lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Deep Lateral Rotators of Hip
Gemellus Superior
L: Posterior buttocks deep
O: Ischial spine of ischium
I: Greater trochanter of femur (medial surface)
A: Lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Deep Lateral Rotators of Hip
Gemellus Inferior
L: Posterior buttocks deep
O: Ischial tuberosity of ischium
I: Greater trochanter of femur (medial surface)
A: Lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Sciatic Nerve***
- Begins at L4-S3 spinal nerves
- Runs through greater sciatic notch
- Passes inferiorly between ischial and gluteal tuberosities, over deep 6 lateral rotators [over, under or bisecting (running through) piriformis]
- Branches at popliteal region into common tibial nerve and fibular nerve
- Tibial branch of sciatic nerve runs through tarsal tunnel w/ tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus (Tom, Dick & Harry)
- True sciatica is inflammation of sciatic nerve
- Can be compressed by piriformis
- Often used as a “catch all” for low back pain
- Largest nerve in the body
Deep Lateral Rotators of Hip
Piriformis
L: Posterior buttocks deep
O: Anterior surface of sacrum
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Largest of the “Deep 6”
Muscles of Posterior Buttocks
Gluteus Minimus
L: Posterior buttocks deep
O: Exterior surface of ilium (between superior and inferior gluteal lines)
I: Anterior border of greater trochanter of femur
A: ABduction & medial rotation of thigh at hip
Smallest of 3 gluteus muscles
Convergent fiber direction
Muscles of Posterior Buttocks
Gluteus Medius
L: Posterior/lateral buttocks superficial
O: Exterior surface of ilum (between iliac crest & superior gluteal lines)
I: Greater trochnter of femur (posterior border)
A: ABduction & medial rotation of thigh at hip
Convergent fiber direction
Muscles of Posterior Buttocks
Gluteus Maximus
L: Posterior buttocks superficial
O: Ilium, iliac crest, sacrum & coccyx
I: Lateral condyle of tibia (by way of ITB) & gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: Forceful extension & lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Largest muscle in the body
Parallel fiber direction
Muscles of Anterior/Lateral Thigh
Iliotibial Band
L: Lateral thigh superficial
O: Iliac crest
I: Lateral condyle of tibia
A: Maintained taught by action of TFL muscle
Not a muscle, CT
Helps to “track” the knee
Muscles of Anterior/Lateral Thigh
Tensor Fascia Latae
L: Anterior/lateral hip superficial
O: ASIS & iliac crest of ilum
I: Lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial band
A: Flexes, ABducts and mediall rotates thigh at hip
Huge player in low back pain
Maintains tension on ITB, parallel fibers
Lateral Rotator Muscles of the Hip
Name the “Deep 6” Muscles
- Piriformis
- Gemellus superior
- Obturator internus
- Gemellus inferior
- Obturator Externus
- Quadratus femoris
All are posterior buttocks deep
PGOGOQ
