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PSYCO 223 > 9.1 > Flashcards

9.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What subgroups exist in the group late adulthood

A 
Young old (65-74)
Old old (75-84)
Oldest old (85+)
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2
Q

What segment of the population is fastest growing?

A

The oldest old

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3
Q

Ageism

A

Prejudice and discrimination directed at older people

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4
Q

T/F The same behavior is interpreted different when performed by a younger vs. an older adult

A

True

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5
Q

What ageism is faced by the elderly

A

People in senior homes spoken to in baby talk

Told i job interviews they don’t have the stamina

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6
Q

Primary aging

A

Senescence

Universal and irreversible changes due to genetic programming

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7
Q

Secondary aging

A

Changes that are due to illness, health hauts, other individual factors
Potentially avoidable and reversible

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8
Q

What are outward signs of aging

A

grey/white, thinning hair
Skin loses collagen and elasticity, wrinkles
Can become shorter

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9
Q

T/F women are more pressured to hide signs of aging than men

A

True

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10
Q

What are outward signs of aging

A

Brain smaller and lighter
Brain uses less oxygen and glucose, Blood flow reduced
Neurons decrease

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11
Q

What are the theories that try and explain why people get increased reaction time

A

Peripheral slowing hypothesis

Generalized slowing hypothesis

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12
Q

Peripheral slowing hypothesis

A

The PNS becomes less effective with age

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13
Q

Generalized slowing hypothesis

A

Processing in all parts of nervous system become less efficient as we age

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14
Q

T/F the perception of time increase with age

A

True

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15
Q

What changes in the physical apparatus of the eye occur in late adulthood

A

Lens less transparent
Optic nerve less efficient
Distance perception decrease
Need more light

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16
Q

What eye diseases become more common in late adulthood

A

Cataracts
Glaucoma
AMD

17
Q

Cataracts

A

cloudy/opaque areas and lens

If untreated, blindness occurs

18
Q

AMD

A

Age related macular degeneration
Macula thins and degenerates
Eyesight gradually degenerates

19
Q

Macula

A

Yellowish area near retina where visual perception is best

20
Q

What is the most common cause of blindness in people over 60?

A

AMD

21
Q

Why don’t older adults wear hearing aids

A

They amplify background noise as well

It makes them look older

22
Q

How does hearing loss affect social life

A

May not respond cuz they didn’t hear
May feel left out or lonely
Can lead to paranoia as conversational blanks are filled according to fear

23
Q

How does hearing loss affect cognitive development?

A

May hasten cognitive decline

Struggle to understand what’s being said may shunt mental resources away from processing information

24
Q

What happens to taste and smell in late adulthood

A

Decline
Tongue loses taste buds
Olfactory bulbs in brain shrivel

25
Q

What are the leading causes of death in older adults

A

Heart disease cancer, stroke

26
Q

What are common psychological and mental disorders in late adulthood

A

Major depression
Psychological disorder brought on by meds
Dementia

27
Q

Dementia

A

Broad category of diseases involving memory loss and decline in mental functioning

28
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

Progressive brain disorder that produces memory loss and confusion

29
Q

What are the signs of alzheimers

A

Forgetfulness
Production of a protein causes growth of large clumps of cells that trigger inflammation and deterioration of nerve cells
Brain shrinks

30
Q

What are risk factors for dementia

A

Genetic predisposition

31
Q

What factors determine whether an older adult will engage in sexual activity

A

Good physical and mental health

Previous regular sexual activity

32
Q

T/F the percentage of people who find their sexual partners physically attractive increases with age

A

True

33
Q

What are the two theories that try to explain why we undergo deterioration and death

A

Genetic programming theories of aging

Wear and tear theories of aging

34
Q

Genetic programming theories of aging

A

Our bodies DNA contains built in time limit for the reproduction of human cells

35
Q

Wear and tear theories of aging

A

The mechanical functions of body wear out with age

The body’s constant manufacture of fuel creates by products which can impair body’s normal functioning

36
Q

Life expectancy

A

Average age of death for members of a population

37
Q

What are potential solutions to aging

A 
Telomere therapy
Unlocking longevity genes
Reducing free radicals with antioxidant drugs
Restricting calories
Replacing worn out organs
38
Q

Telomere therapy

A

Telomeres are the ends of linear dna, after every round of cell replication they get shorter, eventually they disappear, ending cell replication
If we could lengthen telomeres, aging might be slowed

39
Q

Longevity genes

A

Genes that control body’s ability to cope with environmental challenges and physical adversity

PSYCO 223 (13 decks)

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