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PSYCO 223 > 2.3 > Flashcards

2.3 Flashcards

1
Q

Neonates

A

Newborns

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2
Q

What is CRH

A

Corticotropin releasing hormone

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3
Q

What does CRH do

A

Triggers the release of hormones and the process that leads to birth

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4
Q

What causes contractions

A

When oxytocin hormone levels become high enough

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5
Q

Braxton-hicks contractions

A

Also called false labor

After 4th mo, uterus starts contracting occasionally to ready for delivery

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6
Q

How many stages of labour are there

A

Three

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7
Q

Which stage of labour is longest

A

First

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8
Q

Describe contraction frequency throughout three stages of labour

A

First - every 8-10min, last 30 sec
Gradually shorten between, and increase duration
3rd - every 2 min, last 2 min

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9
Q

How long does second stage of labour last

A

90 minutes

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10
Q

Episiotomy

A

Incision made between vagina and rectum, to increase size for baby to pass through. Less commonplace now

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11
Q

When does second stage of labor end?

A

When baby completely leave the moms body

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12
Q

What is the shortest stage of labour

A

Third

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13
Q

What happens in the third stage of labour

A

Umbilical cord and placenta are expelled from mother

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14
Q

Apgar scale

A

Standard measurement system that looks for a variety of indications of good health in newborns

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15
Q

What five factors are measure in the apgar scale

A 
appearance/color
pulse/heart rate
grimace/reflex irritability
activity/muscle tone
respiration/respiratory effort
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16
Q

What happens if a newborn scores 7 or under on apgar scale?

A

They need help to start breathing

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17
Q

What happens if a newborn scores under 4 on apgar scale?

A

They need immediate life saving intervention

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18
Q

How can the process of birth give the child defects?

A

Umbilical cord can wrap around babys head and deprive them of oxygen

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19
Q

Anoxia

A

Restriction of oxygen to the baby that lasts a few minutes and causes brain damage

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20
Q

Bonding

A

Close physical and emotional contact between parent and child during the period immediately following birth

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21
Q

T/F there is a critical bonding period between mother and child after birth, and if it doesn’t happen then, the relationship forever suffers

A

False

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22
Q

When are midwives chosen over OBGYNS and physicians?

A

When the baby is expected to have no complications

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23
Q

T/F midwifery is regulated in Canada

A

True

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24
Q

Midwife

A

A nurse specializing in childbirth

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25
Q

Doula

A

Someone who provides emotional, psychological, and educational support during birth
They do not do medical exams

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26
Q

T/F doulas are regulated in Canada

A

False

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27
Q

Epidural anesthesia

A

Produces numbness from waist down

28
Q

Traditional episorals

A

Immobilize the woman and can prevent them from pushing the baby

29
Q

walking/dual spinal epidural

A

Uses smaller needles and administers doses continuously. Permits more free movement and less side effects

30
Q

Why does use of epidurals vary across the country

A

People have different levels of access to them

31
Q

What is more common in canada, home births, or hospital births?

A

Hospital births

32
Q

T/F using pain reducing drugs has long term effects on the infant

A

False

33
Q

Preterm infants

A

Infant born before 37weeks. High risk for illness and death

34
Q

Low-birth weight infants

A

Infants who weigh less than 5.5 pounds at birth

35
Q

Small for gestational age infants

A

Infants who weigh 90% or lower of average weight of infants of same gestational age

36
Q

T/F the majority of preterm infants do not develop normally

A

False

37
Q

Very low birth weight infants

A

Infants who weigh less than 1250 grams or left the womb before 30weeks

38
Q

Kangaroo care

A

Babies are held skin to skin to the parents chest. Helps infants develop

39
Q

T/F massaging infants helps the, grow

A

True. it triggers release of growth hormones, helps them cope with stress

40
Q

What causes preterm and low birth weight deliveries?

A 
Multiple birth 
young/old mother
Getting pregnant within 6mo of last delivery
Fathers age
Health of mom
41
Q

Postmature infants

A

Infants still unborn two weeks after the moms due date

42
Q

Caesarean delivery

A

Baby is surgically removed from uterus

43
Q

Why is a c-section more lily to occur

A 
Baby shows distress
Vagina starts bleeding
Old mother
Baby in breech position
Baby in transverse position
44
Q

Breech position

A

Feet first

45
Q

Transverse position

A

Baby lies crosswise in uterus

46
Q

Fetal monitors

A

Monitor babys heartbeat during labour

47
Q

T/F why are fetal monitors not used as regularly anymore?

A

They can prompt doctors to use c-section even when it really isn’t necessary

48
Q

Stillbirth

A

Delivery of dead baby

49
Q

How common is stillbirth

A

Less than 1 in 100

50
Q

Infant mortality

A

Death within first year of life

51
Q

Postpartum depression

A

A period of deep depression following birth of child

52
Q

What increases risk of postpartum depression

A

People who have history of depression
People unprepared for range of emotions following birth
Hormonal swings

53
Q

What effects does maternal depression have on children?

A

Babies show little positive emotion, withdraw

54
Q

Reflexes

A

unlearned, organized, involuntary response to certain stimuli

55
Q

Describe a neonates visual acuity

A

Not fully developed, but they like looking at complex things and can detect movement
They like looking at blue and green

56
Q

Describe a newborns auditory acuity

A

They still have amniotic fluid in middle ear which needs to drain before they can fully hear
They’ll cry if they hear other newborns crying, but stop if they hear a recording of themselves crying

57
Q

Describe a newborns olfactory acuity

A

They suck and increase activity if you put peppermint near nose

58
Q

Describe a newborns taste acuity

A

They pucker up if you put something sour on their moth

59
Q

Circumcision

A

Surgical removal of foreskin from penis, often done shortly after birth

60
Q

T/F circumcision protects against STDs and HIV

A

True

61
Q

T/F circumcision decrease risk of UTI’s

A

True

62
Q

T/F circumcision reduces risk of penile cancer

A

True

63
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Organism learns to respond a particular way to a neutral stimulus

64
Q

Operant condition

A

The strength of a voluntary behavior is either increased or decreased through association with positive or negative consequences

65
Q

Habituation

A

Repeated exposure to a stimulus decreases intensity of response

66
Q

Orienting response

A

When a newborn is presented with a novel stimulus, they become quiet and attentive, but soon the novelty wears off m they no longer react

67
Q

T/F babies can imitate facial; expressions

A

~

Research on this is not conclusive.their “imitation” may just be exploratory behavior

PSYCO 223 (13 decks)

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