9 Flashcards
Pheromone main definition?
Chemical factor or signal propagated externally, that elicits a behavioural response among conspecific individuals.
conspecifics?
Belonging to the same species.
Sex pheromone?
The availability of potential mate, often female, and the size and quality of mate, often male.
Negative control?
No treatment is added and therefore shouldn’t show any change in the outcome.
Positive control?
A treatment is given with a known result.
Alcohol groups make molecules polar/non-polar?
Polar
Trail pheromones?
Social insects leave chemical pheromone traits along paths to food from nest or bivouac.
Aggregation pheromones?
Increase number of conspecifics (both sexes) in one location, often in defence against predators, mate selection, or overcoming resistance.
Alarm pheromones?
Release volatile substance when attacked, resulting in flight or aggression. It creates a chain reaction, a group response. If one release, then others will also release.
Releases work in real time and?
Evoke a behavioural response
Primers?
Alter the development of receiver, response occurs over days weeks, or months.
Megalopta bees have a simpler form of sociality, how?
Daughters stay to help their mothers (queen) or form their own nest (solitary)
Heat map?
Shows the relative abundance of different compounds associated with different bee categories.
Why are methyl alkalanes important? 2•
•Methyl Alkalanes inhibit ovarian development.
•With Lactones, they repress Juvenile Horomone
Olfactory sensilla have many pores, 2 dendrites. It does what?
Send action potentials to the olfactory centres via the antennas nerve.
How does the pheromone get detected by a sensory organ, peripheral olfactory organs?
Pheromones from the external environment enter through the cuticle into the sensillum lymph. The chemical stimulus enters into a cycle, binding to OBP (Odorant-binding protein), making it active. Then goes to a heteromeric receptor and sends a signal past the dendritic membrane. Then OBP becomes inactive
Antennas lobe glomeruli?
Provide a spacious-temporal odour-map in insect brains with both a bellied lines and cross-fibre patterns.
