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Question 1

Whats more adaptable to changing climate and why, push-pull or pesticides?

Answer 1

Push-pull since we actually use biological stuff

Question 2

One of the strongest pull systems?

Answer 2

Silver Leaf Desmodium as double-edged biocontrol agent

Question 3

If you can move away from a plant and go to the next plant, does push pull systems effectively work?

Answer 3

No, it does not

Question 4

Corn plants under push pull systems do what if they are grown in push pull soil in buckets?

Answer 4

Increase the concentration of chemicals involved in damaged plants. This is a measure of plant resistance as fewer insects consume leaf area. Moreover, it will then take longer for caterpillars to transition to an adult, so they will stay in the predator vulnerable state for longer.

Question 5

Direct plant to plant interactions will happen if you?

Answer 5

First out them together, however if they just grow together, then

Question 6

What if it is not only push and pull?

Answer 6

•VOC-mediated plant-to-plant interaction
•Different plant community affects soil microbes and thus crop plant chemistry.
•Desmodium root chemistry is including responses in miaze/sorgbum (e,g., plants can actually take up chemistry from other plants.
•Increased soil quality
•Inhibitions of weeds and parasitic plants.

Question 7

!!!Three concepts of push-pull? 3•

Answer 7

•Due to the ecological processes, interacting in a complex manner functional intercropping an have diverse functions as emergent as enterprise
•In push pull systems based on functional intercropping multiple layered mechanisms of action are likely to make the technology so efficient and sustainable as control against multiple pests

Question 8

Moving target hypothesis?

Answer 8

plant variability rather than the production of defense secondary metabolites provides defense

Question 9

Chemical information hypothesis?

Answer 9

Information transfer allows plants to adaptively adjust phenotype

Question 10

Salicylates inhibit?

Answer 10

Jasmonate and ethylene production

Question 11

Octadecanoid pathway?

Answer 11

A pathway that eventually produces Jasmonic acid that alters gene expression and thus release secondary metabolites and defense proteins.

Question 12

prostaglandin pathway?

Answer 12

A pathway that aids in the healing of tissue damage and control processes such as inflammation and blood clots.

Question 13

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are example of?

Answer 13

information mediating chemicals

Question 14

Can herbivores use VOCs produced by damaged plants to their benefit?

Answer 14

Yes, some moths for example use VOCs to avoid damaged plants for oviposition

Question 15

Is VOC release correlated with production of defense compounds?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

Environmental Herbivory-induced plant metabolic responses affect?

Answer 16

primary and secondary metabolism as well as non-volatile and volatile secondary metabolite production.

Question 17

Herbivore induced changes in secondary metabolite production can increase plant’s?

Answer 17

Direct and indirect resistance

Question 18

Chemical Information is always available to every organism that is?

Answer 18

Perceive and process it

Question 19

Steps of beetle mountain pine beetle colonization for larval production and death of pine trees?

Answer 19

Beta-myrcene produced by trees act as a kairomone for female beetles, attracting them. The female begins attracting the tree, in which its JA pathway releases oleoresin. The byproducts from the female beetles as feces releases trans-verbenol which acts as a pheromone for males and attracts them. Exo-brevicomin emitted by males as aggregation pheromones. The aggregation of males overwhelm the oleoresin from the trees. The beetles then penetrate the tree with blue-stain fungi, which thus induces SA for the tree, and inhibits JA. The males then emit frontalin, mated females emit verbenone as an anti-aggregation pheromone. Larvae emerge and the tree’s phloem gets weakened by the digging larvae. The fungus spreads to the tree’s xylem, killing it.