8A

Question 1

Drive-reduction theory

Answer 1

The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level

Question 3

Incentive

Answer 3

A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior

Question 4

Hierarchy of needs

Answer 4

Maslow’s pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active

Question 5

Instinct

Answer 5

A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned