3B1, 3B2, and 3B3

Question 1

Damage to the back of the brain

Answer 1

Disrupts vision

Question 2

Damage to the left front part produces

Answer 2

Speech difficulties

Question 3

Lesion

Answer 3

Tissue destruction. A brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally caused destructions of brain tissue

Question 4

Damage to one area of the hypothalamus reduces

Answer 4

Eating and damage in another causes over-eating

Question 5

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Answer 5

An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain’s surface. These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp

Question 6

CT (computed tomography) scan

Answer 6

A series of x-Ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice through the body

Question 7

PET (position emission tomography) scan

Answer 7

A visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form a glucose goes while the brain performs a given task

Question 8

Neurons are

Answer 8

Glucose hogs

Question 9

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

Answer 9

A technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue. MRI scans show brain activity

Question 10

Musicians who have perfect pitch

Answer 10

Have a larger neural area in the left hemisphere of their brain

Question 11

Patients who have schizophrenia have

Answer 11

Fluid-filled brain areas

Question 12

FMRI (functional MRI)

Answer 12

A technique for revealing blood flow and, therefore, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans show brain function

Question 13

In humans the brain represents

Answer 13

1/45th of the human body

Question 14

Brainstem

Answer 14

The oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the Brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions

Question 15

Medulla

Answer 15

The base of the Brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing

Question 16

Reticular formation

Answer 16

A nerve network in the brain Mayen that plays an important role in controlling arousal

Question 17

Thalamus

Answer 17

The brain’s sensory switchboard, located at the top of the Brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and mendulla

Question 18

Cerebellum

Answer 18

The “little brain” at the rear of the Brainstem; functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance

Question 19

Limbic system

Answer 19

Doughnut-shaped neural system (including the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus) located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotion and drives

Question 20

The amygdala

Answer 20

Two Lima bean-size neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to emotion

Question 21

A slight disturbance of the amygdala can make an

Answer 21

Ill-tempered creature became calm and placid

Question 22

Hypothalamus

Answer 22

A neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to the emotion and reward

Question 23

Pleasure

Answer 23

Motivates someone more than anything else

Question 24

Animals have built-in systems

Answer 24

That reward activities essential to survival

Question 25

Reward deficiency syndrome

Answer 25

A genetically disposed deficiency in the natural brain systems for pleasure and well-being that leads people to crave whatever provides that kissing pleasure or relieves negative feelings

Question 26

cerebrum

Answer 26

The two large hemispheres that contribute 85% of the brain's weight

Question 27

Cerebral cortex

Answer 27

A thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells

Question 28

As we move up the animal ladder of life,

Answer 28

The cerebral cortex expands, tight genetic controls relax, and the organism's adaptability increases

Question 29

The cerebral cortex contains

Answer 29

20-23 billion nerve Ella and 300 synaptic connections

Question 30

Glial cells

Answer 30

Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons

Question 31

Moving up the ladder of animal life, the proportions

Answer 31

Of glia to neurons increases

Question 32

Lobes

Answer 32

Geographic subdivisions

Question 33

Fissures

Answer 33

Folds

Question 34

Frontal lobes

Answer 34

Portions of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead; involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements

Question 35

Parietal lobes

Answer 35

Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and toward the rear; receives sensory input for touch and body position

Question 36

Occipital lobes

Answer 36

Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; includes areas that receive information front the visual fields

Question 37

Temporal lobes

Answer 37

Portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears; includes the auditory areas, each receiving information primarily form the opposite ear

Question 38

Motor cortex

Answer 38

An area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements

Question 39

Body areas requiring precise control, such as fingers and mouth,

Answer 39

Occupied the greatest amount of cortical space

Question 40

By monitoring the motor cortex

Answer 40

We are able to predict movements or speech

Question 41

Sensory cortex

Answer 41

Area at the front of the parietal lobes that registers and processes body touch and movement sensations

Question 42

The more sensitive the body region,

Answer 42

The larger the sensory cortex area devoted to it

Question 43

Associated areas

Answer 43

Areas of the cerebral cortex that are not involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking

Question 44

Frontal lobes enable

Answer 44

Judgement, planning, and processing of new memories

Question 45

Damage to the frontal lobe

Answer 45

Can also alter personality

Question 46

The parietal lobes enable

Answer 46

Mathematical and spatial reasoning

Question 47

Damage to the parietal lobes

Answer 47

would make you unable to identify a person you're familiar with

Question 48

Aphasia

Answer 48

Impairment of language m, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernick's area (impairing understanding)

Question 49

Damage to Broca's area

Answer 49

Disrupts speaking

Question 50

Damage to Wernicke's area

Answer 50

Also disrupts understanding

Question 51

Damage to the angular gyrus leaves a person able to

Answer 51

Speak and understand, but unable to read aloud

Question 52

Nerve fibers

Answer 52

Interconnect these areas

Question 53

When you read aloud the words

Answer 53

Register in the visual area, are related to a second brain area, the angular gyrus, which transforms the words into an auditory code that is received and understood in nearby Wernicke's area, and is sent to Broca's area which controls to motor cortex as it creates the pronounced words

Question 54

Plasticity

Answer 54

The brainMa ability to change, especially during childhood, by reorganizing after damaging or by building new pathways based on experience

Question 55

Some of the brain's neural tissue

Answer 55

Can reorganize in response to damage

Question 56

Constraint-induced therapy

Answer 56

Aims to require brain's by rest ringing a fully functioning limb and forcing use of the "bad hand" or the uncooperative leg

Question 57

Deaf people have

Answer 57

Advance peripheral vision

Question 58

Stroking the arm f someone who's hand has been amputated can also

Answer 58

Make them feel sensations in their nonexistent fingers

Question 59

Adult mice and humans can

Answer 59

Regenerate new brain cells

Question 60

Neurogenesis

Answer 60

The formation of new neurons

Question 61

Damage on one side f the brain causes paralysis on the

Answer 61

Body's opposite side