3A.1.1, 3A.1.2, 3A.1.3

Question 1

Sensory neuron

Answer 1

Neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Motor neutron

Answer 2

Neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands

Question 3

Interneurons

Answer 3

Neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor inputs

Question 4

Dendrite

Answer 4

The bushy, branching extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body

Question 5

Axon

Answer 5

The extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to ther neurons it to muscles or glands

Question 6

Axons ____ dendrites _____

Answer 6

Speak, listen

Question 7

Myelin sheath

Answer 7

A layer of fatty tissue segment ally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neutral impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next

Question 8

A neutral impulse travels at….

Answer 8

speeds ranging from 2 mph to 200 mph

Question 9

Your brain is more complex that a computer….

Answer 9

But slower at executing simple responses

Question 10

Action potential

Answer 10

A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon

Question 11

Neurons generate electricity from…

Answer 11

Chemical events

Question 12

Chemistry to electricity process…

Answer 12

Involves the exchange of ions

Question 13

Inside of an axon is _____, the membrane is ____

Answer 13

Negatively charged, positively charged

Question 14

Selectively permeable

Answer 14

Selective about what it lets in

Question 15

Each neuron is like a….

Answer 15

Mini-decision making device

Question 16

Excitatory:_____ inhibitory:________

Answer 16

Accelerator; brake

Question 17

Threshold

Answer 17

The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

Question 18

If excitatory exceeds inhibitory….

Answer 18

It triggers an action potential

Question 19

Synapse

Answer 19

The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron. The tiny gap at this junction is called the synaptic gap or synaptic deft

Question 20

Dendrites and axons….

Answer 20

Don’t touch

Question 21

Neurotransmitters

Answer 21

Chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. When released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the recovering neuron, thereby influencing whether that neuron will generate a neural impulse

Question 22

Reuptake

Answer 22

A neurotransmitter’s reabsorption by the sending neuron

Question 23

Acetylcholine

Answer 23

The messenger at every junction between a motor neuron and skeletal muscle

Question 24

Endorphins

Answer 24

“Morphine within”; natural opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure

Question 25

Antagonists

Answer 25

Bind receptors but instead blocks a neurotransmitter’s functioning

Question 26

Neuron

Answer 26

A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system