8.3 Flashcards
What is the process of DNA transcription?
The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.
True or False: Transcription occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
True
What enzyme is primarily responsible for synthesizing RNA during transcription?
RNA polymerase
Fill in the blank: The RNA strand synthesized during transcription is complementary to the __________ strand of DNA.
template
What are the three main stages of transcription?
Initiation, elongation, and termination.
What is the role of promoters in transcription?
Promoters are sequences that signal the start of transcription.
True or False: Transcription only occurs in prokaryotic cells.
False
During which phase of transcription does RNA polymerase bind to the DNA?
Initiation
Multiple choice: Which of the following is not a type of RNA produced during transcription? A) mRNA B) tRNA C) DNA D) rRNA
C) DNA
What is the significance of the poly-A tail in mRNA?
It enhances the stability of the mRNA and facilitates its export from the nucleus.
What is the template strand in DNA transcription?
The strand of DNA that is used as a guide to synthesize RNA.
True or False: Introns are non-coding sequences that are removed during RNA splicing.
True
During which stage of transcription is the RNA strand elongated?
Elongation
Which type of RNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis? A) rRNA B) tRNA C) mRNA D) snRNA
C) mRNA
What is a spliceosome?
A complex that removes introns from pre-mRNA during splicing.
What are exons?
Coding sequences in RNA that are retained after splicing.
What are the main differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA has deoxyribose sugar, is double-stranded, and contains thymine; RNA has ribose sugar, is single-stranded, and contains uracil.
What is the role of the TATA box in transcription?
It is a promoter region that helps bind RNA polymerase to TF
What happens during termination?
Termination sequence is recognized and cut
