8.1 genes and the triplet code

Question 1

what’s a gene?

Answer 1

a sequence of bases that codes for the primary structure of a protein
it occupies a fixed position in the chromosome (locus)

Question 2

define genome:

Answer 2

full set of genes in a cell

Question 3

define proteome:

Answer 3

full range of proteins that a cell is able to produce

Question 4

what’s a triplet code?

Answer 4

three bases that code for an a/a in DNA

Question 5

characteristics of genetic code:

Answer 5

non-overlapping
universal
degenerate

Question 6

what does non-overlapping mean in genetic code?

Answer 6

each base is only part of 1 triplet

Question 7

what does universal mean in genetic code?

Answer 7

each triplet codes for the same a/a in all living things

Question 8

what does degenerate mean in genetic code?

Answer 8

some amino acids can be coded by several different triplets

Question 9

how many different types of a/a occur in proteins?

Answer 9

20 a/a

Question 10

what are the four different bases present in DNA?

Answer 10

Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

Question 11

what are exons?

Answer 11

a sequence of bases that code for an a/a

Question 12

what are introns?

Answer 12

a non-coding sequence of bases