5.7 The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Flashcards
1
Q
structure of HIV
A
- RNA and reverse transcriptase encapsulated by capsid
- capsid surrounded by matrix
- matrix surrounded by lipid envelope
- attachment protein around lipid envelope
2
Q
how does the HIV replicate once circulating in blood?
A
- attachment protein binds to TH cells
- HIV capsid binds to TH cell
- RNA and reverse transcriptase enters TH cell
- HIV RNA converted to DNA
- HIV DNA binds to TH cell DNA in nucleus
- turns to HIV mRNA
- makes capsid
- makes new HIV particles
- breakaway with part of TH cell cell surface membrane
3
Q
what do the HIV attachment proteins bind to on the TH cell?
A
CD4 proteins
4
Q
what is the process in which the HIV detaches from the TH cell?
A
budding
5
Q
What does AIDS stand for?
A
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
6
Q
what is AIDS? and what does it cause?
A
the lack of th cells
- inability to fend of common diseases
7
Q
how does HIV cause AIDS?
A
it destroys the th cells, therefore leaving a low count
8
Q
can we use ELISA test to test for presence of AIDS?
A
no
it test for presence of antigens, no HIV antigens
- 2nd antibody won’t bind, no coloured product
9
Q
why may a breast fed baby test for HIV at 8 weeks but -ve at 18 months?
A
baby may have received HIV a/bods from mother’s breast milk
