8. Gender and Achievement: Girls Flashcards
what trends are shown at GCSE level for girls and boys attainment 8 scores
girls achieve +0.15 a grade more than expected at KS4
boys achieve -0.21 a grade less than expected at KS4
Girls do better on every statistic measured
How does the Ebacc route compare for genders
less girls in education generally but they achieve more
girls are more likely to enter the Ebacc, giving them GCSEs in a humanity, language, maths, English and sciences
What are the gender trends at A level
Girls still outperform boys, but the gap is only at 5%.
more girls taking A levels in higher education then boys
What are internal factors for girls achieving more than boys in education
GCSE course work
challenge stereotypes in the curriculum
changing ambition of girls
equal opportunities policy
teachers attention
positive role models in school
What are the external factors for girls achieving more than boys in education
impact of feminism
changes in womens employment
selection and league tables
changes in the family
How has the ‘impact of feminism’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
feminism challenged inequality to improve equal rights, laws are changing
Angela McRobbie compares 1970-90 magazines, shift from marriage and shelf lives to independent business women
Evaluate the ‘impact of feminism’
all improves girls ambitions to aspire and achieve more
however the media is not always positive and can provide negative influences too.
How has the ‘GCSE Course Work’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
Girls favour this type of work more than boys
Girls are more organised than boys, so can keep up with deadlines
Oral exams give better language skills
Girls mature faster than boys to achieve more
Evaluate the ‘GCSE Course Work’
stereotypical, not all girls like this and not all boys are idealistic
coursework is not in all subjects
How has the ‘Challenge stereotypes in curicculum’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
remove gender stereotypes in books and material- women seen as housewives, frightened by science. bars girls from achieving. men are shown as better at handy work
Evaluate the ‘Challenge Stereotypes in curriculum’
stereotypes are still in place today
not updated frequently
as long as everyone learns the same
How has the ‘Changing ambition of girls’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
1970s education- unfeminine with no higher education. love and marriage, kids before job
1990s independence and money, not rely on marriage and husband
Evaluate the ‘Changing Ambition of girls’
not all girls want higher education
some feminine careers too
ambition is not reality
How has the ‘Changes in women’s employment’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
more women are breaking the glass ceiling
gender pay gap is decreasing since 1970
no of women working has increased 1959
sex discrimination laws introduced
Evaluate the ‘Changes in women’s employment’
pay gap not fully decreased - 17%
women still illegally paid less by some companies
women are more likely be on maternity leave
How has the ‘Selection and league tables’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
marketisation policy creates competition and girls are more likely to be recruited
league tables place value on academic success, more opportunity for females as they do better.
Evaluate the ‘Selection and league tables’
women get more opportunities
men are 4x more likely to have behavioural hurdles, girls are less likely to be happy
How has the ‘Equal Opportunities Policy’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
feminists have biggest impact of female perception in school
teachers view all as equal
girls and boys should be equal in books
more girl spick stem subjects over boys now
Evaluate the ‘Equal Opporunities Policy’
teachers may pick favourites, so it’ll never be fully equal
genders should be equal
How has the ‘Changes in the family’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
increase in divorce since 1970
better female results as not reliant on a man to achieve better
cohabitation, decreased first marriage success
more girls are bread winners
Evaluate the ‘Changes in the family’
not all marriages end in divorce
How has the ‘Teachers attention’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
teachers favour girls by giving more opportunity and attention to them
punish boys more harshly, causes disruption, mess around in class etc
boys prefer group work- rely on others
girls prefer individual and pair work
Evaluate the ‘Teachers attention’
some boys favour education and do better
stereotyping to say they mess around
middle class is not a gender, and it makes the most difference
How has the ‘Positive role models in schools’ affected girls to outperform boys in education
more female head teachers 1992 - 65% increase
authority role, inspires girls to become a teacher
men argue too many female teachers, unfair on boys
Evaluate the ‘Positive role models in schools’
men always say being a teacher is a female role, so shouldn’t complain that they’re more female teachers than male
external role models have more impact than teachers anyway
How do mixed schools compare to single sex schools
mixed schools - 55% 5 GCSEs (eng & math)
single sex - 75%
What skews these results
single sex schools are more likely to be a grammar school
co-educational schools have a higher number of poorer students
girls are more likely to get good results
What is the social disadvantage of going to single sex schools and achieving good grades
girls do not have the right social skills, but have amazing qualifications
girls will do better as the male pressure is not applied
