8: Anteromedial Thigh Flashcards
How do saphenous N and saphenous branch of descending genicular A leave the adductor canal?
Through medial canal
What do superficial inguinal LNs drain?
External iliac LNs
What do deep inguinal LNs drain into?
External iliac LNs
Location of superficial vs deep inguinal LNs
Superficial: in superficial fascia deep to inguinal ligament
Deep: medial to femoral V in femoral canal
Femoral Hernia
Small loop of SI can protrude through femoral ring into femoral canal
Population where femoral hernias are more common
Women
Common innervation of anterior thigh with exception
Femoral N (except psoas major and minor)
Nine separate muscles of the anterior thigh
- Iliacus
- Psoas major
- Psoas minor
- Pectineus
- Sartorius
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
- Vastus intermedius
Chief flexor of the thigh
Iliopsoas
Innervation of the three parts of the iliopsoas
- Iliacus: femoral N
- Psoas major: L1-3 anterior rami
- Psoas minor: L1-2 anterior rami
Iliopsoas O and I
O: lateral portion of bodies T12-L5, sacrum
I: lesser trochanter
Pectineus A
Adduct and flex thigh (acts like a medial muscle of thigh but technically anterior)
Pectineus O and I
O: pectineal line of pubis
I: pectineal line of femur
Longest muscle in body
Sartorius
Sartorius O and I
O: ASIS
I: pes anserinus
Three tendons that make up the pes anserinus
Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosis
Sartorius A
Flex, abduct, laterally rotate thigh + flex leg
Four quadriceps muscles
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
Which muscle of the quads passes two joints?
Rectus femoris
O for rectus femoris vs vastus muscles
Rectus femoris O: AIIS
Vastus O: shaft of femur
Common insertion of quadriceps femoris
Tibial tuberosity
A of rectus femoris vs vastus muscles
Rectus femoris: extend leg + flex thigh
Vastus: extend leg
Chief extensor of the leg
Quadriceps femoris
What does the quadriceps tendon eventually form?
Patellar ligament
Osgood-Schlatter
Child’s quads pull on patellar ligament, tendon pulls away from tibia -> pain and swelling; some children may form new bone growth, causing a bony lump in that spot
Medial thigh common innervation and one exception
Obturator N (besides hamstring part of adductor magnus)
What is the only adductor / medial thigh muscle to cross the knee joint?
Gracilis
Gracilis O and I
O: pubis body, inferior ramus
I: superior tibia
Gracilis A
Adduct thigh, flex and medially rotate leg
Adductor longus O and I
O: body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
I: middle 1/3 of linea aspera
Adductor brevis and longus action
Adduct and flex thigh
Adductor brevis relation to pectineus and adductor longus
Deep to both
Adductor brevis O and I
O: pubis
I: proximal linea aspera
Largest adductor muscle
Adductor magnus
Adductor portion of adductor magnus: O and I
O: ischiopubic ramus
I: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
Hamstring portion of adductor magnus O and I
O: ischial tuberosity
I: adductor tubercle
innervation for adductor vs hamstring portion of adductor magnus
Adductor: obturator N
Hamstring: tibial N from Sciatic N
Adductor vs hamstring portion of adductor magnus: action
Adductor: adducts and flexes thigh
Hamstring: adducts and extends thigh
Obturator externus relation to pectineus
Deep to pectineus
Obturator Externus O and I
O: external margins of obturator foramen
I: trochanteric fossa
Obturator externsus A
Laterally rotates thigh
What is strained/stretched in a “groin pull”?
Proximal attachments of thigh adductor/flexor muscles
Hilton’s Law
Nerves that supply motor branches to muscles crossing a joint also provide branches to skin over the muscles and to periarticular tissues
Spinal cord level for a joint
Joints always have nerves from more than one level of the spinal cord
