12: Epithelia

Question 1

Is epithelia capable of regeneration?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Vascularization and innervation of epithelia

Answer 2

Avascular, innervated

Question 3

Core of microvilli and stereocilia vs cilia

Answer 3

Microvilli and stereocilia: core of actin

Cilia: core of microtubules

Question 4

Celiac disease

Answer 4

Loss of microvilli on absorptive cells of SI

Question 5

What are stereocilia?

Answer 5

Long + less mobile microvilli

Question 6

Two locations stereocilia are restricted to

Answer 6

Hair cells of inner ear, epididymis

Question 7

Three types of cilia and their functions

Answer 7

Motile: beat in a wave to propel substances
Primary: immotile, for chemosensing and cell signaling
Nodal: embryonic, role in L/R axis

Question 8

Mucous membrane vs serous membrane

Answer 8

Mucous: epithelial tissue that secretes mucus
Serous: epithelial tissue that lines internal body cavities

Question 9

Three examples of serous membranes

Answer 9

Peritoneum, pericardium, pleura

Question 10

Mesothelium

Answer 10

Simple squamous ep that lines a serous membrane

Question 11

Five locations of simple squamous ep

Answer 11

1. Endothelium (blood and lymph)
2. Mesothelium
3. Lining alveoli
4. Loops of Henle
5. Various ducts

Question 12

Four locations for simple cuboidal ep

Answer 12

1. Kidney tubules
2. Glands and ducts
3. Terminal bronchioles
4. Covering ovary

Question 13

Six locations for simple columnar ep

Answer 13

1. Auditory tubes
2. Uterus
3. Oviducts
4. Stomach
5. SI/LI
6. Gallbladder

Question 14

Where is pseudostratified columnar ciliated ep found?

Answer 14

Respiratory tract: nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi

Question 15

Where is urothelium (transitional ep) found?

Answer 15

GU system; bladder, ureters, urethra

Question 16

Unique property of urothelium

Answer 16

Is distensible - can stretch and recoil as needed

Question 17

Seven locations of non-keratinized stratified squamous ep

Answer 17

1. Oral cavity
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Anus
5. Vagina
6. Urethra
7. Cornea

Question 18

Location for keratinized stratified squamous ep

Answer 18

Epidermis

Question 19

Three locations for stratified cuboidal and columnar ep

Answer 19

1. Sweat gland ducts
2. Ovarian follicles
3. Salivary gland ducts

Question 20

Unicellular glands

Answer 20

Single secretory cells distributed among non-secretory cells

Question 21

Example of unicellular glands

Answer 21

Goblet cells in intestines and resp tract

Question 22

Exocrine glands

Answer 22

Multicellular glands comprised of secretory cells grouped into acini

Question 23

Product secretion in exocrine glands

Answer 23

Produce secreted into a system of ducts for release

Question 24

Parenchyma vs stroma

Answer 24

Parenchyma: the functional tissue of an organ or gland
Stroma: CT support

Question 25

Two examples of stroma

Answer 25

Septa, capsule

Question 26

Merocrine secretion

Answer 26

Membrane-bound vesicles exocytosed from apical surface

Question 27

Apocrine secretion

Answer 27

Release of secretion, apical portion of cell, and some cytoplasm

Question 28

Holocrine secretion

Answer 28

Apoptosis of cell -> secretion of product and cell debris

Question 29

Examples of merocrine, apocrine, and holocrine secretion

Answer 29

Merocrine: salivary glands
Apocrine: mammary glands
Holocrine: skin glands (idk which kind)

Question 30

Simple vs compound glands

Answer 30

Simple: unbranched ducts
Compound: 2+ branches