7.2

Question 1

What are the two main types of extracellular receptor that hormones can bind to?

Answer 1

• Enzyme-linked
• G-protein coupled
  (all the ones that are associated with something else)

Question 2

What types of hormones can bind to extracellular receptors?

Answer 2

Amine, peptide, steroid (all of them)

Question 3

What is the series of downstream events from a hormone binding called?

Answer 3

Signal transduction pathway

Question 4

What is the key intracellular event/action triggered by steroid hormones?

Answer 4

• Change in transcription
• Influences proteins synthesised by the cell itself

Question 5

What are the three ways by which hormone secretion can be stimulated?

Answer 5

• Hormonal
• Neural
• Humoral

Question 6

What are three types of interactions that can occur between hormones?

Answer 6

• Permissiveness: one allows the others effect
• Synergism: sum is greater than parts
• Antagonism: Reduces effect of other hormone

Question 7

Give an example of a negative feedback hormonal loop

Answer 7

TRH -> TSH -> T3 & T4

T3 and T4 feed back negatively on TSH and TRH

Question 8

What three key factors determine hormone concentration in plasma?

Answer 8

Rate of:
- Secretion
- Binding (to carrier proteins)
- Metabolism (activation/degradation)

Question 9

Define hyposecretion of hormones

Answer 9

Amount of hormone released is too low

Question 10

Define hypersecretion of hormones

Answer 10

Amount of hormone released is too high