3.4

Question 1

Anatomically, where is the heart located?

Answer 1

• Middle mediastinum
• Anterior to oesophagus
• Superior to diaphragm
• Pericardial cavity

Question 2

Endocardium structure and function

Answer 2

Function: Connect with coronary vessels, regulate heart contraction
Structure: Simple squamous epithelium, form lining of inside of heart, line the valves

Question 3

Myocardium structure and function

Answer 3

Function: contains cardiac muscle that contracts in a coordinated way in order to enable the heart to circulate blood around the body
Structure: thick layer of muscle cells

Question 4

Epicardium structure and function

Answer 4

Structure: mesothelium layer with fibrous connective tissue; contains coronary blood vessels and some adipose, comprises visceral pericardium
Function: Protects from trauma and friction

Question 5

Which veins drain the same tissue that the right coronary artery perfuses?

Answer 5

Middle and small coronary vein

Question 6

Which vein drains the same tissue that the left coronary artery perfuses?

Answer 6

Great cardiac vein

Question 7

What type of connective tissue is between cardiac muscle fibres

Answer 7

Highly vascular CT

Question 8

In which layer of the heart do purkinje fibres reside?

Answer 8

Deep endocardium

Question 9

What are purkinje fibres

Answer 9

Modified cardiac muscle cells that conduct electrical signals

Question 10

Describe the histological appearance of cardiac muscle

Answer 10

• Striated
• Central nuclei
• Intercalated discs (calcium transport)
• Many mitochondria
• Largest diameter fibres in LV