7- Movement Disorders Flashcards
What is affected with afferent dysgraphia?
Reflexes- problems in use of feedback to control graphomotor control
What problems did a case study with afferent dysgraphia have?
Visual problems (neglect) preventing visual feedback, and deafferentation preventing motor feedback
What spelling errors can afferent dysgraphia cause?
Omission or repetition of strokes and letters
How can afferent dysgraphia be induced in ‘normal’ subjects?
By removing visual feedback and reducing kinaesthetic feedback
What problems does anarchic hand syndrome?
People reach for objects without wanting to
What are the movements with anarchic hand syndrome like? (3 directed)
Goal-directed, well executed, unintended
Do people with anarchic hand syndrome have self-awareness of the disorder?
Yes
What is anarchic hand syndrome caused by in the majority?
Lesions near the medial wall of frontal lobe and SMA
What is ideomotor apraxia?
Someone is unable to have coordinated movement to perform a particular motor function
3 examples of apraxia
- Movement of wrong part of limbs
- Incorrect movements of the correct part
- Correct movements in incorrect systems
What is the main deficit in apraxic agraphia?
Writing deficit
Which brain area is affected in apraxia?
The supplementary area and motor planning
What part of the brain causes Parkinson’s disease?
Basal ganglia
4 symptoms of Parkinson’s disease
- Slow movement
- Difficulty initiating willed movement
- Increased muscle tone
- Tremors of hand, jaw
What brain area is affected in Huntington’s disease?
Basal ganglia
4 symptoms of Huntington’s disease
- Hyperkinesia
- Chorea
- Loss of neurons in the striatum
- Loss of inhibition over the thalamus
What is chorea?
Spontaneous, uncontrollable and purposeless movement
What does a loss of neurons in the striatum cause?
A decrease of striatal inhibition over the thalamus
How is cerebellar ataxia caused?
Cerebellum damage
What does ataxia cause in movements?
Movements become uncoordinated and inaccurate
What is dyssynergia?
Decomposition of multijoint movements
What is dysmetria?
To come short or go past goal
