5- Theories of Addiction Flashcards
What proportion of marijuana users become addicted?
A small proportion
How many people use or become addicted to harmful drugs?
Only a few
What are the 5 reasons for addiction?
Biological factors
Personality traits
Family dynamics
Associative learning
Social environment
3 causes of biological factors and addiction
Heredity, brain physiology, biochemical factors
Biological intervention to addiction
Medications are used to alleviate addiction
Cause of personality traits and addiction
Psychodynamic factors
Personality intervention to addiction
Psychoanalysis
Cause of family dynamics and addiction
Family dysfunction
Family intervention to addiction
Family therapy
2 causes of associative learning and addiction
Modelling and expectancies
2 associative learning interventions
Positive role models and rational restructuring of expectancies
3 causes of social environment and addiction
Environmental, cultural, economic
2 social environment interventions to addiction
Social policy and social services
What does the dopamine reward system rely on?
The mesolimbic pathway from the VTA to ventral striatum
What mechanism do addictive drugs use?
The same one in producing feelings of reward and pleasure
Why does dopamine release usually occur?
As a response to important environmental stimuli
What do drugs reinforce?
Addictive behaviour
What do drugs cause once they hijack the reward system?
An unnaturally large amount of dopamine release
How does learning contribute to addiction?
Association between drugs and other related things is learned, and people and places become ‘cues’ which induce the addicted person to engage in more drug misuse
When do drug withdrawal effects occur?
If you take addictive drugs regularly and then suddenly stop
How does negative reinforcement contribute to addiction?
Keep taking drugs to avoid withdrawal symptoms
