7. Farmers Cultural Response Flashcards
What happens in the crowding out theory of you were to pay farmers
Less productive, expectation for payment of provision has been established
How does crowding out effect farming
Farmers may pick and choose whether to maintain newly introduced measures or not
What is crowding in?
The emergence of intrinsic motives following an initial payment incentive
What did Setten say about moral landscapes?
Notions of what is natural and unnatural are notions of morality, each person views the environment differently
What is farmers way of knowing?
Know the landscape through their engagement, idea of landscape changes with actions, acestrial knowledhe helps to inform desicions
What is planner view to knowing
Abstract and static views, etherealise some historical pictorial representation of what the landscape should look like, instrument of power
What is ingolds dwelling perspective
Understanding a persons experience from the views point that their view comes from work and everyday life
What did people use in ww2 to get people to enrol for uk
Pictures of the english country side asking them to protect it
What is the most tangible form in which history can declare itself (inglis 1978)
Landscape
What did Aldo Leopoldo day about landscape?
It is the owners portrait of himself
What is crofting
Making the land look good
What did unfold say about the farm
It’s not static it’s an evolving testimony to a life’s work
What did a farmer describe the edges to his land as?
The border of one mans soul
How do farmers show off animals?
Selling them or at shows
What is associated with a good farmer?
Productivist agriculture
What capital can be generated from the look of a farm?
It’s cultural capital
Why do farmers care about their land?
Unlike normal wage workers they are not alienated from the product, directly related to the land
What is Thompson say good farming is related too?
The production of more and larger
What converts production into a sign of moral worth
A good clean farm and product
Why does ELS and AES challenge past farmers ethics
Hard work from past generations is filled in or demolished to suit needs from environmental policies
Why do farmers challenge AES
Say that lack practical knowledge and are just based on scientific knowledge
What do some farmers say about the approach to farming?
Blanket approaches are impractical, need to be different for each farm
What is land to people?
A visual representation of who we are
Why did smelly Tuesday become a thing
All spreading had to be done on that day
What is the saying about farming
Live today like your going to die tomorrow, farm today like your going to live forever
What is the saying about hard work especially in farms
You’re not local until there’s a stone in the churchyard with your name on it
What is the problem with making changes to farms now?
Temporality, things change over time and ideas have changed
What is the problem with hard work?
Now a days it has smaller economic value
What does productivism value in farms?
Short term strategies, may not focus on the bigger picture
If farming is productivist what do AeS need to have?
More productivist meaning payment by results
If farming is not productivist what should AES aim to do
Older value interpretations in betterment and hard work remain important in farming but have been over shadowed by productivist interpretations
How much money was spent on AES?
24 billion euros
What is the problem with the benefits and their impacts with AES
Benefits not really monitored
What is the first tier in national conservation policy
Eg sssi, primary purpose is conservation, high level of protection
What is tier 2 in NCP
Eg ancient woodland, designated for high nature value, do not have full statuary protection
What is tier 3 in NCP
Eg national parks, conservations forms only part of statuary purpose
What is the debate with amount of land protected
Protect in small areas or in larger single parks
What is the problem with scale in AES
Some animals have ranges outside of the area designated for that species, e.g cornbunting needs 4000m foraging distance
How much of the farmers did not object to callinarative agreement
> 80%
What are the potential barriers to cAES
Other farmers would be unfavourable 29%, Neighbluring farms all managed differently, lack of existing cooperation
What would be the benefit of aes
It may be more likely to have demonstrable benefits that can be seen as opposed to blanket prescriptions of aes
What did schemes aim to do beginning with the macsharry reforms?
Move farmers into other jobs
Why might farmers resent change in job?
Loss of indentity
Community forest approaches were used to try and get farmers into other jobs?
, why did these not work?
Farmers said, we are farmers not foresters
What does farming give farmers?
Their identity
How does an individual develop a significance
Through different social groups, accepts the understanding from the world
To farmers what are the main factors that make a farmer either good or bad
The quality of crops and livestock (burton)
Where there is large areas of unattractive crops what is the farmer perceived as?
Lazy
How do some farmers view progress or a good yield?
Numberically only, the more is better
What did farmers say about the relationship about tidy farms an
There is a direct connection between tidy farms and nurturing ability
What social construction of good farming is most used in research?
Boudieu
What is the ELS described as?
A broad a shallow scheme (emery)
What is stopping cAES
General acceptance of farmers of cAES
Why may species live on more than one farm/area,
Diversity in structure and environment
In Australia what are land owners encouraged to do?
Join environmental groups and councils with a direct emphasis on community development
What is the main benefit of group targeted farming initiatives
Has to benefit of changing attitudes toward farming
What percent of farmers said they would be willing to do cAES
81%
What was the list common thing that farmers said they would work together on
Hedge row planting and conservation
What is the problem with putting AES onto farms
Farmers may accept them but ultimately their views will not change and will resent the schemes
Why do people view farming often by way of production
When agriculture is defined as human activity that uses renewable natural resources and aims to produce usable
food and fiber products, agriculture is explicitly defined as production, Silvasti
What do current AES payments not encourage
hard work, they are not incentivsed to do so, silvasti
What does additional effort bring
Additional effort brings
no additional return, so why bother, silvasti
Who developed the idea of farmers way of knowing
setten 1993
