18 Encouraging Pro Environmental Behaviour Flashcards
Who are the publics
Stake holders we aim to serve or aim our legislature to
What do environmental surveys suggest
environmental values are now pretty well dispersed, 54% believed that environmental protection should be given support
What do defra do to work out general public opinion
tracker surveys
how many people thought that they feel guilty about harming the environment
57 agreed, 13 strongly
What did people feel about government action
they would back the government if they tried to be greener
What did people say about paying for services
56%said that they would be happy to pay for environmental policies
How many people said that environmental change worries them
64, stongly 30 very strongly
WHat do these tracking surveys show
people said that they are happy to change their approach to help the environment
WHat is the problem with states actions
clear mismatch between willingness and actuall behaviour
Where else can we see that there is an attitude behaviour discrepency (1986)
alcohol, smoking
Who created the theory of planned behaviour
Ajzen and madden 86
How are our behavioural belifes infulenced
normas and belifs in the society
What else changes beleif
how much we can actually influence the subject
Where are 2 areas that policy intervention might make a difference
intention and behaviour
What influcences disicions
information, people were not demonstrating environemtal views because people were not aware of the impactts
What is it called where to public knows less than the policy makers
deficit model
WHat would more information lead to
positive environmental change
What effects effectiveness of the concern
individuality community spirit, responsibility not property owner lack of trust, practicality, time money facilities
Who regarded the environment as a set of stepped rescourses
Maslow
What are the 5 stages of the maslow pyramid of needs
self-actualization, Esteem, Love, Saftey, Physiological
What is in the Physiological step
breathing food water sex sleep homeostasis excretion
what is the safety step
security of body, embodyment, rescources, morality, family
How do poorer countries view environmental policy
less important, need to satisfy the immediate needs of the country
How does the state apply regulation
normally stick and carrot, effective in some arenas, may be costly and difficult to enforce, crude rules can be flexible
What is the problem for a large scale level
does not effect or focus on the indivudual
What is participatory appraisal
much more about antropologists spending time with communities
WHat are DIPS
Deliberative processes
What are the benefit of DIPS
Better to find out about individual interests or views, put in the driving seat of how environmental policy is designed
What do dips allow
quiter voices heard, preferences can be transformed through discussion
What is nudge
mix of psycology behavioural economics idea of bounded rationality, parts of our lives that we do not normally consider
Give and example of nudge
reaching for a product without it crossing the mind
WHat are the ethical implicaitons to nudge
certain limit to what we can do to people, is it right to controll them
Why do some people not like nudge
used by the state to control out actions
What are the 3 everyday practices that can shape out everyday home life
materials objects, imagies symbolic meanings, skills conpetencies and procedures, anybof these elements can effect the others
How do intergenerational practices influence the enviroment
can be passed though the family, after generations new systems take over
How many people disagreed with the fact that climate changes issues are too far in the future?
94 disagreed 30 strongly
What is the value action gap?
Difference between stated actions and willingness to carry these out
In the theory of planned behaviour model what are the beliefs
Behavioural, Notmative and control
What is the stage before the behaviour in the ToPB model
Intention
What does Blake say are the 3 barriers to environmental concern and action?
Individuality, responsibility, practically
What is individuality in Blake’s model?
Personal characteristics, eg lack of interest
What is responsibility in Blake’s model
Not property owner, lack of trust
What is practicality in Blake’s model?
Lack of time, money m, facilities
Who proposed the hierarchy of needs?
Maslow
What is the physiological stage of hierarchy?
Breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, exretion
What stage do people have to be according to Maslow to care for the environment?
Self Actualization, morality creativity, spontaneity, problem solving
Looking at Maslow why might poorer countries react differently to environmental problems?
Less concern in pyramid to survival
What is the traditional way of protecting the environment
Tax and regulation of the area, effective in some areas but may be difficult to enforce, crude rules can be inflexible
What is the benefit of participation in regulation?
Quieter voices can be heard
What is nudge?
Mix of phycology and behavioural economics
What is a common method to get people to reduce environmental damage?
Compare them with neibouring people, suggesting they need to improve
What is the general assumption with environmental behaviours
Concern is direct determinate of behaviours, wrong
What effect do general attitudes have on desicion making?
Influence the perception and evaluation of specific beliefs, the subjective norm controls behaviour
What does bamberg say about general attitude
Can not influence specific behaviours directly
