3. Nature Culture 2 Flashcards
How can cosmology rule nature?
Decides how humans react with nature
Who is the creator in Tukano culture?
Sun Gods
Where do the tukano live?
Colombia, in the rainforest
What are the 3 layered cosmos to the tukano universe
Flat earth, celestial vault, place of bliss beneath the earth
What regulates tukano population?
Limited number of people protected by the spirits
What do the tukano believe about the universe?
Not a single event but a continuous one
When can humans remove things from the environment
Only when conditions are right
What do neo classical people views on environmental science
Self interest and exploitation
When can humans take food in the tukano universe?
Only during certain conditions
When is energy conserved
When turned into nourishment
I’m tukano culture how does the individual attribute to the whole?
Each person is part of a larger group
What causes an illness in tukano culture
External agent, revenge of game animals, the ill will of other people
Who diagnoses illness?
Shamans
How does the shaman respond to illnesses?
He invokes new regulatory controls
What do some people think alters our life?
Star sings, zodiac signs
What is environmental possibilism
Environment does not directly cause specific developments, the presence or absence of soecific environmental factors
What is the difference between truth in postmodernism and modernism
Modernity have one truth postmerderism have no single truth
What do some see the wilderness as?
An entirely constructed invention
What are areas of outstanding natural beauty?
Areas designated to keep them natural, but what is natural
What changes environmentalism?
Out perception of it
What are the critiques of constructivism?
Shows that the environment has no role at all
Who said the time had come to rethink wilderness
William Cronan
What do Americans often regard of the wilderness?
The last place where man has taken hold of nature
What did Henry David Thoreau day about wilderness
In wilderness is the preservation of the world
What is wilderness
A human creation
What did wilderness use to mean?
Savage, desolate, barren
In the age when wilderness often meant savage ness what reigned?
Christianity and religion
When did environmentalism become clear to the public and people in the us?
The damming of the Tuolummne river in Yosemite national park
What sort of sites in the us were called national parks?
What humans thought were sublime cronan
What do some link the sublime environment to?
A religious experience
What did turner say about the American frontier?
It was passing away
What is the main way we as humans alters the environment?
Farms
Are farms natural
No, change the land to how we want it
Who would wilderness turkey be wilderness?
If we could go into it without leaving a trace
What can adaptive survival be seen as?
Something that increases survival it self
What binds the tukano to their habitat?
Myth and tradition. Habits by their forefathers
While we may view their habitat as natural how do the tukano view it
As man made
What is the energy relationship in the tukano universe
Energy output is greatly related to the input
What is the tukano knowledge of the natural world?
High and detailed
What does Gomez pompa and Andrea Kay’s day about environmentalism?
Environmental policy and education are based on western beliefs
What is the general consensus for humans impact on the environment
Inverse relationship between humans actions and the environments
What is the falsely assumed act about the wilderness
That it is unpopulated
What has the western world also seen wilderness as
A challenge
What organisms can help to produce clouds
Algae, form nucleus around which the cloud is formed
What did lovelock say about mans destructiveness
Modern man is just more efficient at doing bad things
How do the Tukano study their natural world
by looking at animals, some think this is how they will evolve in the future
Where do the tukano live
north west amazonian rainforest
Why do tukano people think animals go extinct
for no obeying particular circumstances or by not adapting
How do tukano peoples regulate population
use herbs as contraceptives that causes short term sterility
Why are couples with lots of children critisised
because its saying they are disobeying the sun gods and putting the community at risk
where do most rural conservation ideas come from
urban areas, different idea on what is right
Why in some cases are rural settings perceived as urban
native american tribes, have homes in the forest, they consider these as unnatural
How much of the world did scientists find had been explored by humans
nearly all of it, is there really any wilderness, (gomez pompa, adrea kraus
Politically what do greens think is most important
the community rather than the state
How do greens think is the only way to solve our envrionmental problems
by wholesale economic change
Who do greens think should take envrionmental actions
everyone
When do green think we should produce goods
when society needs them no before hand to make profit
What did harper list in 1990
all things that might be adopted but at different likelyhoods of them happening
