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7) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cungulate gyrus? Which sulci separate it?

A

Runs along corpus callosum

  • separated from corpus callosum by callosal sulcus
  • separated from cerebral cortex by cingulate sulcus
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2
Q

What sulcus can be found within the occipital lobe on the medial surface?

A

Calcarine sulcus

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3
Q

What does the calcarine separate the occipital lobe into?

A

Gyri above and below it;

-Upper and lower bands. Striate cortex is within them

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4
Q

The cingulate gyrus carries on posteriorly as what gyrus?

A

Parahippocampal gyrus

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5
Q

What lie at the most ventral end of the parahippocampal gyrus

A

Uncus

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6
Q

What is the role of the uncus?

A

Contains the 1* olfactory cortex

-only sensation that doesn’t go to the cerebral cortex via the thalamus

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7
Q

Where does the fornix run in relation to the septum pellucidum?

A

Along the inferior border of the septum pellucidum

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8
Q

Where can the interventicular foramen be seen in gross anatomy and what is its function?

A

Small aperture along inferior fornix on medial brain

-Connects the 2 lateral and 3rd ventricles

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9
Q

In medial view of the hypothalamus, where can the optic chiasma, mamillary body and infundibulum be seen?

A

All project from ant/inf border:

  • optic chiasma = most ant
  • infundibulum = mid
  • mamillary body = most post
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10
Q

What can happen to the pineal gland with age?

A

Calcification

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11
Q

What can cause deviation of the pineal gland?

A

Bleeding or tumour

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12
Q

What is the connection between the hippocampus, the mamillary bodies and the cingulate gyrus?

A

Hippocampus is associated with memory

  • information passes along fibres of fornix to mamillary bodies
  • these fibres then extend to cingulate gyrus
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13
Q

What 4 projections come off the 4th ventricle?

A
  • Median aperture (projects post between medulla & inf cerebellum)
  • 2 Lateral apertures
  • central canal (remnant of neural tube)
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14
Q

Which projections from the 4th ventricle serve to allow CSF to escape into the subarachnoid space?

A

Median and lateral apertures

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15
Q

Where is the majority of CSF created?

A

Lateral ventricles

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16
Q

Where does the caudate nucleus lie?

A

Lateral wall of lateral ventricle

17
Q

What is the internal capsule?

A

V-shaped bundle of axons carrying information from thalamus to cerebral cortex
-lies lat to thalamus and caudate nucleus

18
Q

What are the 3 recognised parts of the internal capsule?

A

Anterior limb
Genu
Posterior limb

19
Q

Where do the lentiform nuclei lie?

A

Lateral to internal capsule

20
Q

What 2 nuclei are found within the lentiform nucleus?

A 
Globus pallidus (med)
Putamen (lat)
21
Q

Caudate nucleus + lentiform nucleus makes up what structure?

A

Corpus striatum

22
Q

The corpus striatum (along with other nuclei) is important in what?

A

Initiating and controlling movement

23
Q

Secondary vesicles have formed after how many weeks?

A

5 weeks

24
Q

Where does the greater longditudinal fissure widen?

A

Posterior pole of brain

25
Q

What is cut in patients with a split brain, what general implication does this have

A

Corpus callosum - hemispheres function independently

26
Q

Where are the frontal, temporal and occipital poles located?

A

Extreme end of the respective lobes

27
Q

Olfactory tracts are found on the inferior/ventral surface of which lobe?

A

Frontal lobe

28
Q

What part of the diencephalon can be seen on the ventral surface of the brain?

A

Hypothalamus

29
Q

What are the most prominent features coming off the inferior aspect of the hypothalamus?

A

Mamillary bodies

30
Q

In a ventral view what can be seen of the midbrain?

A

Cerebral peduncles

31
Q

Where does CN III originate?

A

Ponto-midbrain junction

32
Q

Scalp is an anagram, what 5 things is the scalp made up of?

A 
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis (occipital frontalis)
Loose connective tissue
Periosteum
33
Q

Through what foramen do the cranial meninges extend to cover the spinal cord?

A

Foramen magnum

34
Q

At the majority of sites the periosteal and meningeal dura mater are tightly adhered together - where is this not the case?

A

Dural venous sinuses

35
Q

What is the course of venous return from both superficial veins and deep veins of the brain?

A

SUPERFICIAL VEINS: -into superior sagittal sinus
DEEP VEINS: -into great cerebral vein, then straight sinus

Superior sagittal sinus and straight sinus join at confluence of sinuses&raquo_space; 2 transverse sinuses along root of tentorium cerebelli and become sigmoid sinus&raquo_space; internal jugular vein

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