6.2 Tropical cyclones

Question 1

Causes of tropical cyclones:

Answer 1

• Ocean surface temperature of at least 27°C.
  —-Warm water provides the energy to evaporate more water, that rises, condenses, releasing huge amounts of energy.
• Ocean depth of at least 60m deep.
• These conditions occurring between 5° and 20° north and south to have sufficient Coriolis effect, making the air spin.
• Very little wind shear (change in wind speed or direction).
  —-Allows the vertical development of the storm.

Question 2

examples of tropical cyclones

Answer 2

storms,
hurricanes
typhoons

Question 3

Direction of cyclones

Answer 3

➢ They move in anticlockwise direction in the Northern hemisphere
➢ They move in a clockwise direction in Southern hemisphere

Question 4

Distribution of tropical cyclones:

Answer 4

• Between 5° and 20° north and south.
• They do not form on the equator because the Coriolis
  effect there is 0.
• The air at the equator tends to flow straight from high pressure to low pressure, without any rotation

Question 5

how does climate change increase the impacts of tropical cyclones

Answer 5

● warmer oceans
● increases areas where cyclones can form
● longer cyclone season
● higher sea levels
● strong wind speed = more extreme cyclones
● increased rainfall
● increased frequency of cyclones

Question 6

Impact of tropical cyclones

Answer 6

1. flooding,
2. loss of life,
3. financial losses,
4. damage to buildings and infrastructure,
5. loss of crops and habitats,
6. water-related disease
7. Wildlife Habitat Loss

Question 7

The strategies for
managing the impacts of tropical cyclones

Answer 7

monitoring and warning,
structure of buildings,
disaster preparation (plans, drills, emergency supplies and emergency rescue teams),
evacuation,
emergency shelters,
rebuilding of damaged areas,
international aid