4.7 Water pollution and its sources Flashcards
1
Q
What are the sources of water pollution?
(3)
A
- domestic waste
- industrial processes
- agricultural practices
2
Q
Domestic waste
A
- sewage from rural and urban settlements (human waste) carry many pathogenic micro-organisms, increasing the content of nitrates and phosphates in rivers.
- Detergents, metals and other manufactured products contain traces of toxic chemicals.
3
Q
Industrial processes
A
- use of chemicals,
- the processing of metal ores,
- leaching of metals from waste heaps and dumps cause the presence of metals in rivers (e.g. manganese, mercury, copper).
- Gases from industrial chimneys enter the atmosphere, where they dissolve in water and form acid rain.
4
Q
Agriculture practices
A
- Surpluses of phosphorous and nitrogen not absorbed by the plants are washed from the land or percolate into the ground water. (lead to eutrophication)
- On farms, animal manure, synthetic fertiliser, and chemical pesticides are main sources.
5
Q
When does Water pollution occur
A
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances—often chemicals or microorganisms—contaminate a body ofwater, degrading water quality and making it toxic to humans or the environment