2.3 Energy Demand

Question 1

the factors affecting the demand for energy

Answer 1

• domestic demand
• industrial demand
• transport
• personal and national wealth
• climate

Question 2

Domestic demand:

Answer 2

• Created by affordability, availability and social status.
• Most of the purchases that are considered as necessities now increase the demand for energy supplies, notably electricity.

Question 3

Example of domestic demand

Answer 3

• Fruits and vegetables, that aren’t naturally available in the season locally, are produced in glasshouse or in areas with a favourable climate and are then transported.
• In both the scenarios (glasshouse operation and transport), the energy cost is significant.

Question 4

Industrial demand:

Answer 4

Manufacturing requires the use of large amounts of energy throughout the production e.g. iron and steel production.

Advanced manufacturing techniques made the products, that were once luxury items, cheaper.
* So, more people want to buy them.
* The demand for the product increases.
* The demand for energy (needed for production) also increases.

Question 5

Transport:

Answer 5

• Manufacturers supply customers across the globe.
• This decreases production costs in countries that import,
• but increases the transport costs as they require large amounts of fossil fuels to operate.

Question 6

Personal and national wealth:

If economic conditions are good-

Answer 6

• Higher employment;
• More money to spend on luxury items;
• Increase in demand for the product;
• Increase in demand for energy (for production).

Question 7

Personal and national wealth:

If economic conditions are poor

Answer 7

• Families have less money to spend on luxury items;
• Need to make savings;
• Reduce the use of fuel;
• Reduce the purchase and use of electrical items;
• Decrease in the demand for energy.

Question 8

Climate

Answer 8

The demand for energy with regard to climate depends on the country.

Question 9

People living in a temperate climate are likely to experience colder winters

Answer 9

People living in a temperate climate are likely to experience colder winters, so the
* energy demand for heating would be far higher.
* They also experience fewer hours of daylight. This increases the usage of electrical lighting.

Question 10

Climate change

Answer 10

Climate change (excessive heat or cold) increased the energy consumption (particularly in urban areas).
* Need for additional heating.
* Installation and operation of air-conditioning units.