6 - Integument Flashcards
integument is the what of the body
outer covering
integument 5 components
skin
glands
hair
footpads
claws
what is the mucocutaneous junction
natural opening where skin blends with mucous membrane
mucocutaneous junction examples (3)
mouth
nose
anus
main functions of integument (7)
protection
sensory
secretion
production
storage
thermoregulation
communication
why do dogs and cats sweat and where from mainly
not for thermoregulation - mainly sweat from paws for scent marking
how do dogs and cats thermoregulate
vasoconstriction and vasodilation
3 layers of skin from top to bottom
epidermis
dermis
subcutis
epidermis tissue type
epithelium tissue (stratified squamous)
what makes epidermis hard
keratin
main function of the epidermis
coping with trauma from environment
dermis tissue type
irregular dense connective tissue
what keeps dermis strong and flexible
lots of collagen
what 3 things can be found in the dermis
hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands
subcutis tissue type
loose connective - areolar
burns - first degree affects which layer
epidermis
burns - second degree affects which layer
epidermis and dermis
burns - third degree affects which layer
epidermis, dermis and subcutis
burns - first degree clinical signs
pain, redness and swelling
burns - second degree clinical signs
pain, redness, swelling and blistering
burns - third degree clinical signs
blackened skin
may be a loss of pain due to nerve endings damage
sebaceous glands function
secrete sebum
what is sebum
oily substance that coats hair and skin with thin layer
sebaceous glands duct opens…
into hair follicle
modified sebaceous glands function
produce scents for communication
modified sebaceous glands types (6)
tail glands
anal glands
facial glands
paws
ceruminous glands
meibomian glands
what is stud tail
when unneutered elderly dogs get overly oily and scabby on dorsal surface of tail
what is cerumen
ear wax
what is lacrimation
tear production
purpose of lacrimation
cleans and lubricates eyes
which 2 parts make up lacrimation
aqueous and lipid
where do tears drain through
puncta into nasolacrimal duct
when does brown stain form (tears)
if the nasolacrimal duct isnt working properly
how to test for corneal ulcer
fluroscein stain - ulcer shows up green
which muscle is associated with hair follicles
arrector pili muscle
which muscle type are arrector pili muscles associated with
smooth
arrector pili muscle control type
unconscious
3 hair types
guard
wool
tactile
guard hairs structure, number and location
long, thick stiif
one per follicle
outer layer
wool hairs structure, number and location
soft undercoat
thin and short
several per follicle
tactile hairs structure, number and location
very thick and protruding
usually 4 rows on face
upper lips, eyes and cat carpus
tactile hairs also known as
whiskers
tactile hairs function
feel surroundings - gives perception
what is the rhinarium
thick hairless skin around nostril
rhinarium function
aids in smell
foot pads function
shock absorbers and protectors
foot pads - forelimb total and breakdown
7 in total
5 digits
1 metacarpal
1 carpal
foot pads - hindlimb total and breakdown
5 total
4 digits
1 metacarpal
claws - what colour is the quick
pink
claws - what is cuticle made from
keratin
