#6 Flashcards
1
Q
Which type of anesthesia would be considered nontraditional in the United States?
A
acupuncture
2
Q
Which of the following is the hard, dense bone that surrounds the marrow cavity?
A
cortical
3
Q
Denial, rationalization, regression, and repression are common forms of what type of mechanisms?
A
coping
4
Q
In which part of the respiratory system does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place?
A
alveoli
5
Q
The ventricles of the heart have thicker myocardium than the atria
A
true
6
Q
The terms entry-level, proficient, and expert practitioners are applied to which of the following?
A
AST recommended clinical ladder levels
7
Q
Which of the following bilateral paired nerves are the largest in the body and innervate the buttocks and lower extremities?
A
sciatic
8
Q
A patient with a major abdominal wound requiring frequent dressing changes might have which type of binding layer to prevent excoriation of the skin by constant removal of adhesive tape?
A
Montgomery straps
9
Q
Which of the following terms describes the principles such as benevolence, trustworthiness, and honesty for the care and well-being of others in society?
A
Morals
10
Q
Which of the following is used for scalp hemostasis and resembles a Crile or Kelly hemostat except the curve is to the side?
A
Dandy
11
Q
In which anatomical structure is the patella contained?
A
quadriceps tendon
12
Q
For a dilation and curettage (D&C), which of the following orders of instrument use is CORRECT for endometrial biopsy?
A
weighted vaginal speculum, tenaculum, uterine sound, cervical dilators, endometrial curettes
13
Q
Surgical skin preps for breast procedures for carcinoma should be performed vigorously and thoroughly to prevent postoperative surgical site infections in immunocompromised patients
A
false
14
Q
Which of the following structures encloses the kidneys and suprarenal glands?
A
Gerota’s fascia
15
Q
Which type of endoscope would be appropriate for examination of the renal pelvis via a natural body orifice?
A
flexible uteroscope
16
Q
Which of the following is NOT an example of blunt dissection of tissue?
A
endo shears are used through laparoscopic trocar to separate tissue.
17
Q
Which structure of the eye is colored and its muscles constrict or relax to control the amount of light entering the pupil?
A
iris
18
Q
Which type of wrapper material is compatible with the hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization method?
A
tyvek
19
Q
Which term refers to the standard unit of measurement for the absorption of ionizing energy by an object or person?
A
Rad
20
Q
Which special patient population group has a 30% to 80% statistical likelihood of coexisting psychiatric illness in addition to the diagnosis for which they are coming to surgery?
A
substance abuse
21
Q
Ligatures are use to:
A
occlude the lumen of a blood vessel
22
Q
Which of the following is NOT a type of liposuction?
A
electrosurgery
23
Q
Which of the following is NOT a form of polycystic kidney disease?
A
traumatic
24
Q
Avitene®, Gelfoam®, and Surgicel® are examples of mechanical methods of hemostasis.
A
false
25
Inflammation can BEST be described as:
a normal protective response to tissue injury
26
For which surgical procedure would the Buie pile forceps be used?
hemorrhoidectomy
27
Into which anatomical structure or area is the distal catheter most often inserted in a V-P shunt procedure?
peritoneal cavity
28
Which diagnostic study provides the most detailed information for surgical planning in AAA repair?
aortogram
29
In which stage of normal bone healing is there bridging of the fracture site, and cartilage and immature bone provide support?
callus formation
30
If looking at the right eye of a patient and assigning clock positions of 12, 3, 6, and 9 o’clock to the rectus eye muscles, which of the following would be CORRECT?
12 = superior; 3 = medial; 6 = inferior; 9 = lateral
31
Baumrucker, Iglesias, Stern-McCarthy, and Nesbit are types of:
resectoscopes
32
Which structure within the respiratory tract is the proximal and superior?
larynx
33
Every instrument or catheter placed into the urethra should be lubricated to minimize mucosal injury or irritation
true
34
Two members of the surgical team must perform the checks of identification information: patient armband, blood and Rh type, unit number, and expiration date prior to administration of any blood products to a patient.
True
35
Which example of nonverbal body language might a patient perceive as a negative attitude from a team member?
tightly folded arms
36
What is the abbreviation for the sets of references that provide information about all potentially hazardous chemicals used in the perioperative setting and must be accessible to health care workers?
MSDS
37
What are the operative mortality rates of patients with unruptured AAA scheduled for elective repair?
2% to 3%
38
Which of the following is a commonly used self-retaining retractor used in total hip arthroplasty procedures?
Charnley
39
What does the adrenal medulla secrete?
catcholamine
40
By what name is the International System of Units more commonly known?
metric system
41
Which drug is an anticoagulant antagonist used to reverse the effects of heparin?
protamine sulfate
42
Which of the following religions typically prohibits its followers from receiving blood transfusions?
Jehovah's Witness
43
Health care workers can focus better on their job of patient care in disaster situations if they have done their own personal disaster planning in advance with their family members.
True
44
Which of the following is a safety mechanism engineered into the ESU that alerts the surgical team that the device is being activated?
audible tone
45
A #11 blade and forward angle or reverse angle Potts-Smith scissors are frequently used for:
arteriotomy
46
The part of the complete ESU circuit that delivers alternating current back from exposed tissue to the ESU generator is the:
patient return electrode
47
A corneal abrasion would be assessed using a(n):
ophthalmoscope
48
What is the name of a small protuberance of a bone that is an attachment point for muscles or tendons?
tubercle
49
Crescent, Benelli, and Benelli-lollipop lifts are techniques used during:
mastopexy
50
Which of the following procedures does NOT require an incision, use of trocars, or distention with gas or fluid?
colposcopy
51
Which of the following is a glass or plastic evacuator used to remove tissue and debris during TURP?
Ellik
52
All of the following are components of the “heart-lung” machine EXCEPT:
defibrillator
53
What is the thickest part of the heart?
myocardium
54
What is the thickest part of the heart?
acromioplasty
55
Which diameter fixation screw would MOST likely be used for a fracture of the mandible
4.0 mm
56
Cryotherapy uses which of the following to seal retinal tears and holes?
cold
57
The broad objectives of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) include all of the following EXCEPT:
eliminate medical errors
58
The mandible articulates with which part of the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?
glenoid fossa
59
Which of the following diagnostic procedures does NOT use ionizing radiation?
MRI scan
60
What is the name of the device used to test the blood of patients with diabetes for metabolic status?
glucometer
61
What tissue does the acetabular reamer remove?
cartilage
62
Patients in which age group are MOST commonly candidates for total hip arthroplasty?
over 65 years
63
What tissue type are the palatine tonsils?
lymphoid
64
The mandibular symphysis is better known as the:
chine
65
Which of the following tissues is NOT part of the abdominal wall closure when retention sutures are placed?
mesentary
66
Which cranial nerve may be damaged by growth of a cholesteatoma?
7th
67
Which of the following is the name of locking or nonlocking needle holders frequently used in ophthalmology?
castroviejo
68
Medtronic OCTOPUS® and Guidant Ultima OPCAB® are what type of devices for coronary artery bypass done off-pump?
stabilizers
69
The tensile strength of suture material should equal the tensile strength of the tissue into which suture is placed.
True
70
Which phase of healing for wounds closed by first intention begins within minutes of the incision or injury?
inflammatory
71
What is the term used when a surgical team member who is on standby must return to the facility to do a case?
called inn
72
The skin incision for a thyroidectomy will follow which anatomical lines
Langer's
73
Which organization enacts the NRF?
NDMS
74
What are the operative mortality rates of patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and shock?
> 80%
75
Which term means the number of times a woman has been pregnant?
gravida
76
Which countable sponge is used in oral procedures to prevent bone or tooth fragments and other foreign matter from becoming lodged in the pharynx?
throat pack
77
Which type of drug is used to treat possible postoperative nausea and vomiting?
antiemetic
78
Which type of laser has a wavelength that creates a bright blue-green visible light within a plasma tube?
argon
79
Which position is usually used for microdecompression endoscopic diskectomy?
lateral
80
The 2010 AHA Guidelines for CPR stress activation of the ERS and follow:
CAB ( chest compressions, airway, breathing)
81
Kerlix fluffs, ABD pads, and plain 4 x 4 gauze sponges are examples of which part of a three-layer dressing?
absorbent intermediate layer
82
What is the term for the process of removing necrotic tissue or eschar prior to skin grafting?
debridement
83
What kind of anesthetic block is used for a vitrectomy procedure to block both sensory and motor nerve function?
retrobulbar
84
What is the average lifespan of biologic and mechanical heart valve replacements?
10 to 15 years
85
Which component of personal protective equipment (PPE) has shown the ability to decrease disease transmission from needle punctures?
double gloving
86
Which anatomical structure regulates temperature by monitoring processes of heat production and loss in the human body?
hypothalamus
87
Which of the following is an independent, nonprofit national organization that develops standards for and accredits health care organizations in the United States?
Joint commisision
88
Instruments should be handed to the surgeon in a functional manner that allows the surgeon to use it without repositioning.
True
89
Which of the following terms means surgical fixation of joint, eventually resulting in intentional bone fusion?
arthrodesis
90
Where is the hilum of the kidney located?
medial midsection
91
Where is the insertion point for the mediastinoscope?
suprasternal notch
92
Which suture is frequently used for anastomosis of the saphenous vein or internal mammary artery in CABG?
6-0 or 7-0 polypropylene
93
Which radiological study might be ordered preoperatively for a patient scheduled for tuboplasty?
hysterosaplingogram
94
What is the topical agent used by peripheral vascular and neurosurgeons to dilate blood vessels intraoperatively?
papaverine HCI
95
Craniofacial disjunction fractures are severe traumatic injuries categorized as Le Fort III fractures. T/F
True
96
Which of the following statements regarding arch bars is CORRECT?
they are thin, malleable bars with hooks facing up for maxilla and down for mandible
97
What is a potential risk of placing surgical instruments of dissimilar metallic type together in a washer sterilizer cycle?
electrolytic conduction reaction
98
What does the acronym DRG stand for in the hospital setting?
diagnosis related groups
99
Which positioning device is frequently used for femoral nailing with leg traction and allows for placement of the C-arm?
fracture table
100
The action of pointing and putting a toe in the water to check the temperature would be an example of which movement?
plantar flexion
101
What is the weight that AAMI has recommended instrument sets should NOT exceed?
25 pounds
102
MRI scans require shielding of thyroid and gonads because of ionizing radiation emissions. T/F
false
103
Which type of viewing instrument would be used for surgical treatment of hemorrhoids?
anoscope
104
The lumens of veins are larger than the lumens of arteries. T/F
true
105
Suture pledgets are used to bolster anastomosis sites when tissue is friable. T/F
true
106
An emergency laparotomy would be the indicated treatment for all of the following postoperative bariatric surgery complications EXCEPT:
thromboplhebitis
107
Which of the following studies combines computed tomography with isotope scanning to highlight chemical or metabolic activity?
PET
108
What is the term that describes the measure of how much a suture strand can be stretched before breaking?
tensile strength
109
All of the following are examples of devices used to anchor both ends of the ACL graft EXCEPT:
steinman pins
110
Which suction tip is indicated for pharyngeal suctioning?
Yankauer
111
Surgical technologists may discuss details of their daily experiences as long as they are not in a public place. T/F
False
112
EEG leads may be placed directly on the surface of the brain during craniotomy. T/F
True
113
What is another name for the intermediate-level disinfectant compound phenol?
carbolic acid
114
What would be the likely result of positioning the patient’s arms on armboards at a greater than 90° angle from the torso?
hyperextension nerve damage
115
Another name for a thyroid clamp is a:
lahey
116
Through which hospital department or committee would the certified surgical first assistant (CSFA) submit a request for privileges to work in the operating room?
medical staff
117
Which of the following is an inward turning of the eyelid with resulting corneal irritation?
entropian
118
Which of the following is NOT a classification of patient care items?
hypercritical
119
Which of the following is found only in veins?
valves
120
The function accomplished by the cardiopulmonary bypass machine
Perfusion
121
Electrical conduction disorder requiring permanent pacemaker
Heart block
122
Monitoring procedure that records electrical activity of the heart
electrocardiograph
123
Noninvasive study used to diagnose mitral valve stenosis or other valvular disorders
echocardiography
124
Percentage of blood volume pumped out of the heart into the systemic circulation; indicator of ventricular function
Ejection fraction
125
Absence of a heartbeat; cardiac standstill
asystole
126
Disorganized stimulation of the atria that prevents atrial contraction and does not allow for ventricular filling
atrial fibrillation
127
Abnormally slow electrical impulses and heartbeat below 40 to 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
128
Chaotic and disorganized stimulation of the ventricle, making it unable to effectively pump blood
ventricular fibrillation
129
A heart rate that exceeds 100 beats per minute
ventricular fibrillation
130
Harvey Cushing, M.D., and William Bovie, Ph.D., collaborated in the 1926 to create the first:
electrosurgical unit
131
Which of the following wounds would be assigned a Class I?
inguinal hernia repair with no breaks in technique
132
Which of the following religions believes in reincarnation and that the rebirth is influenced by the previous death experience?
buddhism
133
What is used to achieve tissue destruction in an endometrial balloon ablation?
hot dextrose water
134
What anatomical structure is the bladder attached to in males?
prostate
135
Which member of the U.S. government makes a federal disaster declaration and mobilizes FEMA?
president
135
Which term describes a physician-group-owned hospital?
proprietary
136
Which of the following are used on tips of hemostats to prevent breaking of delicate monofilament suture when tagged?
suture aid booties
137
Which acronym represents an organization that serves as both an insurer and provider of medical services?
HMO
138
What is the chemical name for Dermabond™ or Indermil™?
cyanoacrylate
139
What is the common name for the high-level disinfectant sodium hypochlorite?
bleach
140
For which procedure would the surgeon require a sterile tattoo machine and inks?
nipple reconstruction
141
What term is used to describe the transferring of files and documents to a compact disc (CD)?
burning
142
Auscultation involves use of a(n):
stethoscope
143
Craniosynostosis is a congenital defect involving:
premature cranial suture closure
144
Which of the following is a commonly used method of preserving the heart by reducing its metabolic needs?
hypothermia
145
Surgical technologists are not required to be proficient in endoscopic genitourinary procedures, only open cases because there are cystoscopy specialists who will do them. T/F
False
146
What is the pharmacological agent administered specifically to treat malignant hyperthermia (MH)?
dantrolene
147
Which of the following is all that is necessary for instrument setup for bilateral myringotomy tube (BMT) placement?
mayo stand
148
Which wave of the cardiac cycle in an electrocardiogram indicates the ventricular repolarization phase?
T-wave
149
What chronically occurring condition is often the reason for placement of myringotomy tubes in one or both ears?
otitis media
150
The hepatic and splenic flexures are located proximally and distally in which part of the large intestine?
transverse
151
Penfield #1 through #5 are:
dissectors
152
Which of the following substance is least likely to cause an anaphylactic reaction:
benadryl
153
What is the term for a single alternating current cycle?
hertz
154
Which of the following studies is a radiologic procedure in which contrast media is injected through a cystoscope?
retrograde urogram
155
Which of the following is a result of torn bridging veins between the cerebral cortex and venous sinuses?
subdural hematoma
156
Which pistol-grip type of instrument might be found in a D&C tray for cervical biopsy?
tischler
157
What is the name of the dural fold that separates the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum?
falx cerebri
158
Which of the following is NOT a bone of the pelvis?
pelvis
159
Pediatric patients require an enhanced team focus on the physiological needs in a more dramatic way than any other age group. T/F
True
160
What is the portion of the eye between the cornea and the iris in which aqueous fluid flows and nourishes tissues?
anterior chamber
161
Which instrument is used to extract pieces of the nucleus pulposus in a diskectomy?
pituitary rongeur
162
Which anatomical area is located between the posterior vaginal opening and the anus?
perineum
163
In many cases, for all age populations, pulse oximetry has replaced arterial blood gases (ABGs) as the routine method of monitoring blood oxygenation, due to its low cost, ease, and decreased potential for infection. T/F
True
164
What is the name of the paired parts of a hemostat that span between the box lock and the finger rings?
shanks
165
What is the medical term for visible changes in density on chest x-ray that indicates pulmonary pathology?
infiltrate
166
Which classification of drugs is used to induce uterine contractions and reduce bleeding after vaginal or cesarean section delivery?
oxytocin
167
Which of the following are the final branchings of the respiratory tree?
alveoli
168
Which of the following is NOT a type of ESU tip?
trocar
169
Which of the following roles is defined by the American College of Surgeons (ACS) as providing aid in exposure, hemostasis, and other technical functions that help the surgeon carry out a safe operation with optimal results for the patient?
surgical first assistant
170
If a patient suffered a burn as a result of improper application of the ESU dispersive (grounding) pad, the individual team member responsible may be found guilty in a lawsuit of which of the following?
negligence
171
Cystoscopy and ureteroscopy procedures are performed in which position?
low-lithotomy
172
Which governmental agency mandates that operating rooms have a biohazard exposure control plan and make personal protective equipment available for personnel at risk?
OSHA
173
Which artery is MOST commonly accessed with the Seldinger technique during cardiac catheterization?
femoral
174
Which procedure may be done in conjunction with vitrectomy if the surgeon is unable to gain visualization of the posterior cavity of the eye?
lensectomy
175
Which instrument is used to strip and separate the galea and pericranium from the skull before placement of burr holes?
Langenbeck periosteal elevator
176
What is the term used for the process of cleaning an OR after one procedure and preparing for a subsequent one?
turnover
177
In which surgical approach would the latissimus dorsi, internal and external oblique muscles be transected for access to the operative site?
subcostal flank
178
Why must chest tubes be attached to a water-seal drainage system?
to keep air from reentering thoracic space to reestablish negative pressure for respiration
179
What does the circulator verify before the surgical technologist places the basket of instruments on the back table?
the filters on the bottom of the container are intact and the container is dry
180
During an anaphylactic reaction, the surgical team must maintain the airway and provide supplemental oxygen or the patient may die of:
respiratory failure
181
Which position requires anesthesia administration and intubation to be performed on the patient’s stretcher prior to final positioning?
prone
182
When is the first "uterine count" performed in a cesarean section?
when the first suture is given for closure of the uterus
183
What is achieved by wrapping an extremity with an Esmarch bandage prior to inflation of pneumatic tourniquet?
exsanguinations
184
Which nerve passes through the carpal tunnel?
median
185
Liston knife, Gigli saw, and Satterlee saw are examples of instruments used for which type of procedure?
amputation
186
Which sterile irrigation fluid is used for ophthalmic procedures?
BSS
187
In which anatomical organ does biotransformation of drugs most often take place?
liver
188
Which instrument should the surgical technologist provide during cesarean section procedures for exposure during the steps preceding the uterine incision being made?
bladder blade
189
What type of anesthesia nerve block involves injecting local anesthetics with Wydase around the optic nerves?
retrobulbar
190
Which stage of breast cancer is characterized by evidence of distal metastasis?
Stage IV
191
Suture gauge can range from #5 (being the smallest) to 11-0 (being the heaviest) diameter. T/F
False
192
Which type of catheter is placed postoperatively following TURP?
3-way 22 Fr. Foley with 30 mL balloon
193
Which of the following is NOT a form of advance directive?
document of self-actualization
194
What is a serious bone infection that may result from a compound fracture and become chronic later?
osteomyelitis
194
195
Axillary nerve injury or detachment of the deltoid from the acromion are:
serious post-op complications of open acromioplasty
196
“Bowel technique” refers to steps used by the surgical team to prevent postoperative:
surgical site infection
197
Which of the following is a common response of pediatric patients to injury and may result in gastric dilatation?
hyperventilation
198
Approximately 80% of which special patient population presents to surgery with one or more comorbid conditions?
geriatric
199
A procedure sometimes performed in the ICU, ER, or PACU is a(n):
tracheotomy
200
Which cutting instruments should the surgical technologist have ready for anastomosis of the renal vessels into the recipient?
#11 blade and 45 degree angle potts scissors
201
In adults, red bone marrow that produces red blood cells is mainly found in which type(s) of bone?
flat and irregular
202
During the surgical skin prep, areas that are considered contaminated should:
be scrubbed separately or last
203
A needle-localization procedure may be performed in radiology for assistance in locating discrete masses in the
breast
204
The surgical technologist may have up to three separate setups in a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy procedure: nasal access, tumor excision, and fascial graft T/F
True
205
Which of the following legislative rulings requires medical facilities to inform patients of their rights to choose the types and extent of medical care available and their legal right to advance directives?
Patient Self-Determination Act
206
What is frequently used to repair atrial and ventricular septal defects in pediatric patients?
Dacron patch
207
What suturing technique would the surgeon use to attach tendons in a toe-to-thumb transfer procedure?
figure of eight
208
What is the outside covering of bones that provides some nourishment and protection from infection?
periosteum
209
What type of irrigating solution is used during placement of synthetic grafts in cardiovascular surgery to prevent clotting?
heparinized saline
210
Tetracaine drops are used in ophthalmologic procedures to:
numb the surface of the eye and surrounding structures
211
At approximately what age or period would a patient MOST likely be diagnosed with a Wilms’ tumor?
between ages 3 and 8 years
212
B-cells and T-cells are types of
lymphocytes
213
Penrose drains are active drains that are connected to a reservoir called a J-P bulb or “grenade.” T/F
False
214
By what action does a “cigarette” drain remove fluid from a wound?
wicking
215
What process does the human body use to achieve natural hemostasis?
coagulation
216
What is the term for the process of starting up when a computer is initially turned on?
booting
217
When incising the cranium between burr holes, what attachment to the powered craniotome is necessary to prevent injury of underlying tissues?
dural guard with footplate
