#1 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the term for bony overgrowth of the stapes
A
otosclerosis
2
Q
Which category of drug is used to outline hollow or tubular anatomical structures for radiographic visualization
A
contrast media
3
Q
Which of the following terms meets the following definition: a voluntary and informed act in which one party gives permission to another party to “touch”?
A
consent
4
Q
Which joint is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?
A
femoroacetabular
5
Q
Which portion of the femur articulates with the acetabulum
A
head
6
Q
Which type of bone is the patella
A
sesamoid
7
Q
Fiducials placed on bony landmarks are used in which type of neurosurgical procedure
A
stereotactic guided-imagery biopsy
8
Q
End-to-end, end-to-side, side-to-side, and Roux-en-Y are techniques for:
A
bowel anastamosis
9
Q
To prevent inadvertent activation of the ESU resulting in possible ignition of draping materials, the pencil should be placed in which of the following when NOT in use
A
holster
10
Q
In normal blood gas ranges, arterial oxygen saturation should be at or near what percentage range of capacity
A
96% to 100%
11
Q
Which of the following is a glass or plastic evacuator used to remove tissue and debris during TURP
A
ellik
12
Q
In which instrument tray would you find a Ballenger swivel knife, Cottle elevator, Knight scissors, and Takahashi forceps
A
SMR
13
Q
Which of the following surgical team members would be responsible for separating instruments and disassembling the sterile field in the postoperative phase.
A
CST
14
Q
What is the name for the type of hernia in which both direct and indirect defects are present
A
pantaloon
15
Q
Pancreaticoduodenectomy is also known as which of the following procedures?
A
Whipple
16
Q
Which device is used unsertilely in surgery for CVT prophylaxis
A
sequential compression device
17
Q
What is the name of the long, thin, cupped, pistol-grip type handheld forceps used in many nasal procedures
A
takahashi
18
Q
In a common adage, what is the “best medicine” in health care
A
prevention
19
Q
Teratogens fall into which category of medicine effects.
A
Toxic
20
Q
Which of the following pharmacological agents provides muscle by preventing acetylocholine from stimulating muscle contraction
A
nondepolarizing
21
Q
Which term describes the relationship between the CST and the other team members of the team in OR
A
professional
22
Q
what does adrenal medulla secrete
A
catecholamines
23
Q
Which of the following is NOT a bone of the pelvis
A
femur
24
Q
Which of the following is the major cause of serious trauma suffered by pediatric patients
A
motor vehicle accident
25
The opposite charged of a magnet are its
poles
26
In a surgical procedure on a severely injured trauma patient, which of the following measures is the utmost importance
keeping the pt's spine in alignement during changes in position
27
The patient statement "I know i will be in a better place" is part of
the acceptance stage of grief
28
Which cranial nerve must NOT be compromised by retractor placement during rhytidectomy
seventh
29
Which type of ventilation system provides a supply of clean air and reduces contamination and fumes from the OR
positive unidirectional
30
Why is a scapular or shoulder roll used in procedures involving the oropharynx?
tilt head to increase exposure
31
Which of the following is a natural, multifilament suture classified as nonabsorbable but loses much of its tensile strength in a year and is undetectable in tissues after 2 years?
surgical silk
32
A Maloney bougie dilator is used in which anatomical structure?
esophagus
33
What is the chemical name of the powder and liquid mixture used as bone cement for placement of prostheses?
polyethyl methacrylate
34
Which of the following is responsible for emptying of the bladder and closure of the bladder orifice?
detrusor muscle
35
All of the following are configurations of fixation plates for maxillofacial fracture reduction EXCEPT
W
36
Which of the following is NOT a category of hazard for the OR personnel or surgical patients
Physiological
37
What are the operative mortality rates of patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and shock?
20% to 40%
38
Which of the following is the mnemonic used to remember the steps to take in the event of a surgical fire?
RACE
39
Cystoscopy and ureteroscopy procedures are performed in which position?
Low-lithotomy
40
Which structure has five layers: epithelial cells, , bowmans membrane, substantia propria, elastic lamina, and endothelial cells?
Retina
41
Which of the following pertains to a patient’s wishes about medical treatment and self-determination in the event of incapacitation or inability to communicate?
advance directive
42
The suturing technique MOST appropriate for wounds likely to become infected or suffer potential stress is:
interrupted
43
For what type of research was Sister Callista Roy best known?
adaption model
44
Aortic valve stenosis and aortic regurgitation are often as a result of :
Rheumatic fever
45
For which procedure would the surgical technologist want to be sure to have adequate numbers of Allis or Allis-Adair tissue forceps?
Group of answer choices
A&P Colporrhaphy
46
What is another name for the innominate artery?
brachiocephalic
47
Which of the following are countable surgical sponges used in neurosurgical procedures to protect delicate tissues?
Cottonoid patties
48
What is the term for the precision of a laser beam and is based on the area exposed, the time activated, and the power setting?
Fluence
49
Part of a physical examination in which touch is used externally or internally to determine size, shape, or abnormality uses which method of examination?
palpation
50
Which part of the kidney becomes the proximal ureter?
renal pelvis
51
Which example of nonverbal body language might a patient perceive as a negative attitude from a team member?
tightly folded arms
52
What might the donor kidney be placed into to reduce possibility of injury during handling and transplantation?
Woven stockinette
53
Which of the following is the type of dating system that denotes the number of the calendar day in 1 through 365/366?
Julian
54
What is the term used to describe the process of removing all soiled linen, waste, and instruments from the room and cleaning of furniture, floors, or other contaminated surfaces in preparation for opening new supplies for a subsequent case?
turnover
55
Extreme caution should be exercised when using which of the following for localized anesthesia of fingers, toes, or the penis, or in neonates?
epi
56
Which of the following statements is CORRECT regarding anatomical changes following pelvic exenteration?
Colostomy will exit on the left and ileostomy on the right side of the abdomen.
57
Which of the following is the largest supporting ligament in the female pelvis that has anterior and posterior leaves?
broad
58
During the surgical skin prep, areas that are considered contaminated should:
59
What should the surgical technologist do with his or her gown and gloves in preparation for donning after scrubbing?
Open gown wrapper on unsterile Mayo stand, and open and toss gloves onto gown.
60
Which epidermal stratum is the outermost layer?
corneum
61
What is the name of the connective tissue that forms the umbilical ligament and is used for traction in radical cystectomy?
urachus
62
Diminished cardiac and urinary output, hypotension, and tachycardia are signs of:
shock
63
All of the following are examples of types of movement of powered surgical instruments EXCEPT:
operating
64
What is another name for the traction sutures used to manipulate the globe of the eye?
bridle
65
Which two members of the surgical team are responsible for performing the counts to prevent retained items?
circulator and surgical technologist
66
How long should a person performing disaster triage take to categorize patients for treatment?
1 minute or less
67
When opening a wrapped item such as a gown on a Mayo stand, the contents and wrapper are considered sterile up to what distance from the edge of the wrapper?
1 inch from the edge
68
Which of the following lasers falls into the invisible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, is absorbed by cellular fluid, and is not dependent on tissue color?
CO2
69
What is the term for a spinal anesthetic solution that has the same specific gravity as cerebrospinal fluid?
isobaric
70
The sitting position is a modification of which position?
Fowler's
71
Which of the following terms describes the system of moral principles and rules that become standards of conduct for professionals?
ethics
72
Which of the following describes the configuration of a Mayo stand cover?
cylindrical
73
Which positioning device is frequently used for femoral nailing with leg traction and allows for placement of the C-arm?
fracture table
74
What is the average lifespan of biologic and mechanical heart valve replacements?
10 to 15 yrs
75
Which instrument is used to manipulate the fallopian tubes without compression or damage?
babcock
76
Which agency requires the documentation and tracking of implantable orthopedic devices?
FDA
77
A typical end-to-end bowel anastomosis is accomplished with which of the following suturing techniques?
two-layer, interrupted technique for seromuscular approximation with silk; continuous for mucosa with absorbable suture
78
Which of the following structures encloses the kidneys and suprarenal glands?
Gerota's fascia
79
What is the medical term for coughing up blood
hemoptysis
80
Cannulated screws and nails are designed to follow the path created by a
Guide pin
81
In which of the following procedures would the patient be left without a vagina or any of the female reproductive organs and have a permanent colostomy and ileostomy?
exenteration
82
To preserve evidence in a criminal case, what might be done to the patient’s hands if the patient does not require surgery?
Bags are placed around the hands and taped in place.
83
Which specialist would likely have privileges to surgically treat diseases of the breast, hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal systems, and thyroid gland?
general
84
What is done with the edge of the ilium that is brought out through the abdominal wall for stoma creation?
edges are everted and affixed to the skin
85
A patient with acquired immunodeficiency virus may have complications of multiple infections from diseases considered to be:
opportunistic
86
Which physiological response to environmental temperature changes is missing or undeveloped in an infant of less than 6 months of age?
shivering
87
The dermis and epidermis are components of which body system?
integumentary
88
Which of the following is NOT a category of tonsil tissue?
laryngeal
89
An operating room where a surgical procedure is in progress would be considered what type of area?
restricted
90
What is a normal human emotion that surgical team members may feel for their patients, but must not interfere with their abilities to maintain focus on their jobs, particularly in all-hazards situations?
Group of answer choices
empathy
91
A needle-localization procedure may be performed in radiology for assistance in locating discrete masses in the:
breast
92
What are the prep borders for a unilateral vein stripping procedure?
toes to groin circumferentially
93
What is one of the main objectives of procedures for female stress incontinence?
restore the posterior urethrovesical angle
94
What is the term for the developing technology of performing a surgical procedure in real time but from a distant location?
telesurgery
95
Which part of the artery is responsible for vasoconstriction and vasodilation
tunica media
96
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is a division of which governmental group?
Department of Homeland Security
97
What is the term for a deep groove in the cerebrum that separates the brain into lobes?
fissure
98
Which of the following is routinely done first in a basic gynecologic laparoscopy that may require a small separate setup and glove change before proceeding?
insertion of uterine manipulator
99
Which of the following is an Internet address within a document or e-mail that is bolded or underlined and will open a Web page when it is clicked on?
hyperlink
100
The manubrium, body, and xiphoid process are portions of the:
sternum
101
Which of the following concepts has replaced the previous system of assessing storage conditions and package integrity based on an arbitrary expiration designation?
event related
102
Suprarenal glands are more commonly known as:
adrenal gland
103
Which of the following is NOT a drug administration route?
biodegradable
104
What is the geometric shape usually achieved by the placement of the first layer of sterile surgical drapes?
square
105
Which sequence of steps for plate fixation is CORRECT?
Place plate, drill one hole at a time, measure with depth gauge, tap, insert screw, and repeat steps for remaining holes.
106
Which tissue layer of the abdominal wall provides the greatest strength and support of the wound?
fascia
107
Which of the following forms of consent is defined by the Joint Commission as “agreement or permission accompanied by full notice about what is being consented to”?
informed
108
Strands of wire used to attach arch bars to the upper and lower jaw should be prestretched and cut to which length?
10cm
109
Which of the following laser beams cannot transmit through clear fluid or glass?
CO2
110
Peripheral vessel angioplasty stents may be made of all of the following EXCEPT:
fascia lata
111
What do Broviac and Hickman catheters do?
112
What is the name of the paired parts of a hemostat that span between the box lock and the finger rings?
shanks
113
Which bone is the largest found in the foot and is commonly called the heel?
114
A Whipple procedure is done for treatment of a tumor in which abdominal organ?
pancreas
115
What device is used through the ureteroscope to capture an intact calculus or fragments if fractured by laser?
basket stone forceps
116
What is the name of the routine surgical treatment of infected Bartholin’s gland cysts?
marsupialization
117
A continuous suturing technique that places sutures in the endothelial layer of the skin in short, lateral throws is called a:
118
The popular triage system START means:
119
Which position is usually used for microdecompression endoscopic diskectomy?
120
What is another name for an acquired ventral hernia through the linea semilunaris?
121
Which of the following pathologies is related to a specific autoimmune process that attacks the joints in the body?
Rheumatoid arthritis
122
A black tagged patient during a DIME triage would mean the patient is:
123
Which of the following is the BEST choice for distal bypass graft in the lower extremity?
saphenous vein
124
Which of the following is the large piece of OR furniture onto which most sterile supplies are opened and organized for use during a case?
back table
125
An emergency laparotomy would be the indicated treatment for all of the following postoperative bariatric surgery complications EXCEPT:
126
During triage of a chemical and nuclear disaster, victims are separated in order to contain the contamination. The warm zone
127
Kitners, Cottonoids, and laps are surgical
sponges
128
Which of the following is the MOST common type of midfacial fracture and is also known as a transmaxillary fracture?
128
A nonsterile person should approach a sterile area face forward while maintaining a distance of:
129
How many lobes are there in the right lung?
three
130
Which of the following is NOT a form of polycystic kidney disease?
131
What does specialized tissue within the seminiferous tubules produce?
132
Baumrucker, Iglesias, Stern-McCarthy, and Nesbit are types of:
133
Best practice states that all of the following items remain sterile until the patient leaves the room, EXCEPT the:
134
Which instrument is used frequently in arthroscopies to examine and manipulate internal structures?
135
The thin, compressed sponges used during neurosurgical procedures to protect delicate neural structures are called:
136
Which of the following is an example of an intentional tort pertaining to surgical patient care?
137
Which structure of the eye is colored and its muscles constrict or relax to control the amount of light entering the pupil?
138
For which type of transmission-based disease would health care workers need to be fitted for an N-95 respirator mask?
139
In which anatomical organ does biotransformation of drugs most often take place?
140
The term golden hour refers to reduction of morbidity and mortality of which type of patient population?
141
Which of the following terms describes a civil wrong that may be intentional or unintentional?
142
Which laryngeal cartilage is commonly known as the “Adam’s apple”?
143
Which area of concern or fear would MOST likely be the main focus for a teenage patient having surgery?
144
Which of the following legal doctrines would MOST likely apply in the case of a wrong site surgery or retained foreign body?
145
Which of the following symbols on the Association of Surgical Technologists (AST) logo represents the surgical technologist performing various roles in surgery?
146
Which of the following torts would be classified as unintentional?
147
A neurologist might order an EEG for a patient with which suspected diagnosis?
148
Which of the following levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is the pinnacle and can be accomplished only when all other needs are met?
149
When is a patient classified as being in end-stage renal failure?
150
The CST and CSFA credentials are registered trademarks of which organization?
151
Which of the following is NOT a compartment of the bony labyrinth of the inner ear?
152
Which organization provides a national model for coordinating emergency responses of both local and governments?
153
What is the main obstacle of performing angioscopy?
154
Which instrument should the surgical technologist provide during cesarean section procedures for exposure during the steps preceding the uterine incision being made?
155
What is done to an upper extremity with an Esmarch bandage prior to inflation of the double-cuffed tourniquet used in Bier block anesthesia?
156
Coral would be classified as what type of graft material?
157
Ethicon sutures may be available with a designation of “plus” for some sutures, which means they:
158
Which ligament of the knee keeps the femur from sliding posteriorly on the tibia and prevents hyperextension of the knee?
159
Which instrument is used to grasp the cervix and provide traction during cervical dilation?
160
Multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of:
161
What term is used for surgical opening of the abdominal or peritoneal cavity?
162
Clinical death begins how many minutes after the cessation of heart action and breathing:
163
Surgical treatment of which anatomical area might result in a postoperative complications of malocclusion
164
Which type of urinary drainage catheter requires an incision and anchoring to the skin to prevent dislodgment
Suprapubic
165
Which muscles are tightened in an abdominoplasty procedure
166
What us the name of the orginization whose focus is patient and worker safety and is a unique coalition of surgeons (ACS) anesthesiologists (ASA), operating room (AORN) and perianesthesia (ASPAN) nurses, CRNA's (AANA) surgical physician assistants (AASPA) and Surgical technologists (AST)
167
Into which vessel is a double-lumen Groshong catheter routinely inserted
168
Which type of surgical instrument must NEVER be immerses in any type of mechanical decontaminating equipment
169
Which of the following is not one of the 3 regions of the tooth
170
What is an acceptable position for placement of a scrubbed, gowned, and gloved ST hands
clasped together in front of waist level
171
What is the name of a raised, hypertrophic scar due to excessive collagen formation in some darker-skinned individuals
keloid
172
Which must accompany the patient to the PACU who has undergone maxillomandibular fixation
Wire cutters
173
Which cranial nerve may be damaged by growth of cholesteatoma
174
Which behavior would NOT be considered an example of "workplace violence"
175
When a sterilely attired surgical technologists drapes an unsterile table, he/she opens the drape
away from him/herself first
176
Which special pt population would likely require diagnostis biopsies for verification of cryptosporidiosis, candidiasis, or cytomegalovirus infection
HIV/AIDS
177
Which incisional approach is used for access to the lower ureter and may be used for donor kidney implantation
Gibson
178
Which type of laser is useful for procedures involving the stapes & middle ear
Argon
179
Which vascular device is double-lumened for administration of chemotherapy, antibiotic therapy, and IV fluid
Groshong
180
What towel is placed first when squaring off the operative site
same side from person applying towels
181
Which self-retractor has the shaoe of the figure-of-eight when in the closed position
O'Sullivan-O'Connor
182
Which term describes the thumb side of the hand
183
Which term describes the thumb side of the hand
Radial
184
Javid and Argyle are example of which type of device used in select vascular procedures
Shunts
185
Graduates of CAAHEP or ABHES programs are eligible to sit for the CST or CSFA examinations administered by
NBSTSA
186
Which of the following results most often from skull trauma over the middle meningeal artery with symptoms progressing to brain-stem herniation if not treated
Epidural hematoma
187
Which suture is MOST inert in tissue
stainless steel
188
What type of anesthesia nerve blcok involves injecting local anesthetics with Wydase around the optic nerve
189
Which retinal structure allows for perception of general shapes and shades of gray in dim light
190
In which of the following abdominal incision would the linea alba be opened down to the peritoneum
191
HBV, HCV, and alcohol abuse are precursors to which disease
Cirrhosis
192
Which artery accounts for approximately 50% of occlusive coronary lesions
193
Which type of incision us made for excisional biopsy if centrally located breast mass involving the lactiferous ducts
194
Equipment with thehighest potential for serving as ignition source in surgical fires include all of the following EXCEPT
phacomulsification probes
195
The normal condition of the lens of the eye is
196
Which self-retaining retractor does NOT require attachment to the OR table
Balfour
197
What anesthetic method helps reduce the anxiety and stress experienced by pediatric surgical pt's
198
Which of the following is an intraocular procedures
199
The mandible articulates with which part of the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
Glenoid fossa
200
Which part of the vertebra projects most posteriorly and is often palpable through the skin in the cortex areas of the spine
201
What is a radiographic diagnostic procedure performed for suspected aneurysm near the circle of WIllis
202
The tx for DIC includes
203
Which paranasal sinus are MOST superior and can be singular or divided
Frontal
204
The terms entry-level, proficient, and expert practitioners are applied to which of the following?
205
Vesicourethral suspension and pubovaginal slings are performed to mainly treat moderate to severe:
206
Which of the following factors related to bone growth and maintenance is responsible for mineral storage and utilization?
207
During cholangiography, bubbles in the contrast media would likely:
give the appearance of a stone on x-ray
208
How many pulmonary veins are there?
209
The infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, and supraspinatus muscles collectively comprise the:
rotator cuff
210
Submalar augmentation is performed to address structural deficiency in the:
cheeks
211
The rule of nines is used in burn patients to estimate:
212
What is the name of the wax that is normally produced and found within the ear canal?
cerumen
213
What is the name of the device used to support or modify the curvature of an endotracheal tube during intubation?
stylet
214
Which of the following is a primary benign tumor that arises from the protective coverings of the brain?
215
Which of the following comparisons of normal or typical kidney anatomy is CORRECT?
216
The term adnexa refers to which gynecologic anatomical structures?
fallopian tubes, ovaries, and infundibulum
217
Where is the balloon dilator inserted percutaneously in coronary artery angioplasty?
218
Which type of legal action is MOST likely in cases involving tort law and operating room personnel?
219
Which approach is MOST desirable for treatment of herniated cervical disc with subsequent intervertebral fusion?
220
In or by which of the four components of communication would "decoding" take place?
221
What should the ST do while the surgeon is using oscillating saw during an open acromioplasty
drop small amounts of irrigation onto blade to prevent overheating
222
Which handheld retractor is specifically designed for use in open cholecystectomy to elevate the liver?
harrington
223
During laparoscopic procedures where carbon dioxide gas is used for insufilation, the intra-abdominal pressure in the average healthy adult patient is kept at:
12-15 mm Hg
224
Which of the following needs identified by Maslow would likely be MOST prominent in a surgical patient's mind?
225
Where are the parathyroid glands located in relation to the thyroid?
226
Evisceration of an abdominal wound is:
227
What is establishing a neutral zone designed to do?
228
229
The ratio of a solutions solute to solvent is its
230
Benzodiazepines are classified by the Controlled Substances Act as which class?
231
Ebonized or other specially coated instruments should be used when which surgical device is being used in a narrow space?
232
Which of the following layered structures has the closest and most intimate contact with the brain
233
The elbow is categorized as which type of joint
Diarthrosis
234
What procedure is performed for penile carcinoma resistant to chemotherapy of radiation?
235
During which part of pregnancy would an abdominal surgery be considered safest for both mother and fetus?
236
exposure of the population to anthrax and smallpox would be a result of which of the following?
bioterrorism
237
Which portion of the spinal column consists of five fused vertebrae in the average adult?
238
For which anatomic area is ultrasonography ineffective?
239
Which member of the U.S. government makes a federal disaster declaration and mobilizes
FEMA?
240
Which condition of excess fluid is analyzed by thoracentesis?
241
Radiation, convection, conduction, and evaporation are examples of!
242
Which of the following topical anesthetics is used as a "freezing" method to block pain receptors in skin?
243
In which of the following procedures would the surgical technologist need to have a spreader and a hook ready for use?
Tracheotomy
244
What term for legal right of an author or photographer over the reproduction of original work?
