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SPORT SCIENCE > 5.2 > Flashcards

5.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the black box model

A

Input - CNS - Output
-Feedback-

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2
Q

Definition of information processing

A

System in which we take information from the surrounding environment, use it to make a decision and then produce a response

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3
Q

Simple model of information processing

A

Input- Decision making by CNS- Output

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4
Q

DRAW WELFORDS MODEL

A
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5
Q

What does Welford’s model suggest

A

We take in information via senses and temporarily store them before sorting them out.

Inputs relevant to decision making stored in short term memory

Decision is made by comparing info in short term memory to that in the long term memory

The decision is then carried out and the results stored for future reference.

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6
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7
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8
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9
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10
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11
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12
Q

Exteroceptors

A

They detect information from outside the body. In sport this is information the player can see hear and touch

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13
Q

Interceptors

A

Provide information from within the body. Within sport they detect changes in CO2 level, blood pressure and movements in response to the CNS

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14
Q

Proprioceptors

A

They detect and inform CNS for body position and limb movement. They feed back to the CNS with reference to correct technique and power of movement

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15
Q

Explain the signal-detection process

A

Signal detection is how brain make sense of stimuli recieved

Short term sensory stores stores large amounts of information for a very short period of time

Selective attention looks out for the anticipated stimuli

Selected stimuli is compared to long term memory to select right response

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16
Q

Features of the short term sensory store

A

Holds all information for 0.5 seconds with unlimited storage. Selective attention filters information here and transfers the important information to the short term memory to prevent info overload

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17
Q

Features of the short term memory

A

Information is held for 10 seconds but can only hold 10 bits of information. STM is active along as attention is being paid to the information. If its been practiced its transferred to the LTM

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18
Q

Features of the long term memory

A

Can hold an unlimited amount of information and can be stored for a lifetime. LTM retrieves memory from past actions and sends to the STM to allow movement to be carried out.

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19
Q

Define the term response time (equation)

A

Response time = Reaction time + Movement

20
Q

Definition of response times (words

A

The reaction time of a stimuli plus the time it takes to respond and carry to carry out the movement

21
Q

Definition of reaction time

A

The time taken to respond to a stimuli

22
Q

Factors that determine reaction time

A

Age, Gender, Fatigue, Physical Fitness

23
Q

The concept of the physical refractory period

A

1) Two stimuli are presented at the same time meaning the reaction time to the second stimuli is slower
2) This is because we are unable to process a second stimuli until the first stimuli information has been processed

3) This means the reaction time for the second stimuli is longer.

24
Q

Intrinsic feedback

A

Comes from within the performer. The feel of the movement eg a performer knows if there long pass or shot was good

25
Q

Extrinsic feedback

A

Provided to an athlete via a coach explain how to improve or how well they did.

26
Q

Knowledge of results

A

Knowledge of results focuses on how successfully a skill has been performed and is usually associated with the outcome

27
Q

Knowledge of performance

A

The outcome of the movement is unknown and not the priority and feedback is based on how well the skill was performed

28
Q

Positive

A

Feedback that praises and reassures the performance normally done after a good performance.

29
Q

Negative

A

Focuses on the failures of the game to help an athlete see how to improve to succeed.

30
Q

Terminal

A

Feedback given to an athlete once the game has ended.

31
Q

Concurrent

A

Feedback given during a game can be done intrinsically or by a coach. Can improve or decrease performance.

32
Q

Role of feedback- Reinforcement t of learning

A
33
Q

Role of feedback- Motivation

A

Dependent on the personality of the athlete as people react differently to different types of feedback. Eg negative feedback motivates some for others it will deter them.

34
Q

Role of feedback- Adaptation of performance

A

All types of feedback can cause a performer to adapt there performance. The more variety of feedback the more likely an adaptation will occur

35
Q

Role of feedback - Punishment

A

Negative feedback can be given to provide as punishment to a performer and make it clear they aren’t doing well.

36
Q

Definition of a motor Program

A

A set of movements stored as a whole in the long term memory.

37
Q

Definition of an executive program

A

A complete skill (eg long pass in football)

38
Q

Association

A

Link new information with information the learner already knows .

39
Q

Brevity

A

Give a learner a small amount of information at a time to avoid overload

40
Q

Chunking

A

Break down the information into small chunks as it has more of a chance of transferring to the LTM in smaller bundles.

41
Q

Clarity

A

Avoid trying to teach two similar skills at the same time because it could lead to overlap in memory of the two skills

42
Q

Coding

A

Name/ Label information

43
Q

Organization

A

Provide information in an order allowing for meaningful learning to make it less confusing

44
Q

Practice

A

Repeat the information over and over creating a memory trace between the STM and LTM

45
Q

Rehearsal

A

Processed and prepared mentally and physically

46
Q

Factors which influence reaction time

A

Age, Gender

47
Q

REVISE MOTOT PROGRAMMES WILLIAM

A

SPORT SCIENCE (19 decks)

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