5.1 Enzymes Flashcards
What is an enzyme?
A catalyst that speeds up the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy.
What is the substrate?
The reactant which bonds to the enzyme.
What is activation energy?
Energy required for a chemical reaction.
What are the properties of enzymes?
Reaction specific, not consumed in reaction, made of protein, affected by cellular conditions.
What is the relationship between reaction rate and enzyme concentration?
The more enzymes per volume there are, the more successful collisions. Becomes constant when the substrate becomes a limiting factor.
What is the relationship between reaction rate and substrate concentration?
The more substrates per volume, the more likely the enzyme will bind to it. Becomes constant when enzymes are a limiting factor.
What is the relationship between reaction rate and temperature?
When molecules move faster they will have more successful collisions until they reach optimum temperature and denature.
What is the relationship between reaction rate and pH?
Enzymes change shape when pH is not optimum, optimum pH depends on where enzymes are located.
How would you maximize enzyme activity?
Optimum enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, temperature, and pH
