3.1/3.3 Biomolecules

Question 1

What are the monomers of carbohydrates?

Answer 1

Monosaccharides

Question 2

What are the functions of nucleic acids?

Answer 2

They provide genetic instruction, and they assist in protein synthesis.

Question 3

What are the four levels of protein structure?

Answer 3

Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

Question 4

How do hydrophobic interactions affect the tertiary structure?

Answer 4

Hydrophobic amino acids fold into the inside of the protein to decrease its surface area with water.

Question 5

What are the polymers of proteins?

Answer 5

Polypeptides

Question 6

How do cysteine side chains affect the tertiary structure?

Answer 6

They connect with other cysteine side chains and make disulfide bonds.

Question 7

Why and how would the structure and function of a protein change if a hydrophobic amino acid was substituted for a hydrophilic one.

Answer 7

All four structures would be affected by this change because the amino acid chain is changing ,making the protein fold differently and changing the structure. This also causes the function of the protein to change.

Question 8

What is the difference between the functions of carbohydrates and lipids?

Answer 8

Carbohydrates provide a short-term energy source while lipids provide long-term energy storage.

Question 9

What is the difference between the functions of proteins and nucleic acids?

Answer 9

Proteins control the chemical reactions and processes while nucleic acids synthesize the proteins.